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1
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Identification of the effects of peripheral nerves injury on the muscle control - A review

100%
Cabaj A., Zmyslowski W.
Polish Journal of Medical Physics And Engineering
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2011
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vol. 17
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issue 1
45-53
EN
Impairment of motor function following peripheral nerve injury is a serious clinical problem. Generally nerve injury leads to erroneous control of muscle activity that results in gait and voluntary movement abnormalities followed by muscle atrophy. This article presents a review of studies on the effects of peripheral nerve injury on the motor system performed on animal models. We focused our attention on the results that are fundamental for better understanding of the degenerative and regenerative processes induced by nerve injury as well as of the mechanisms of structural changes in neuronal networks controlling movement. Quoted results are also important for clinical applications because they allow to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic techniques that can be used after nerve injury inducing motor deficits. However, till now no efficient therapy inducing satisfactory recovery was found. There is still a need to continue an advanced basic research directed to develop effective therapies. Thus the aim of this review is to compare the results of recent studies performed on various animal models in order to propose new methods for identification of mechanisms responsible for muscle deficits and propose targets for new pharmacological therapies.
2
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Hindlimb muscle activity during unrestrained walking in cats with lesions of the lateral funiculi

81%
Zmyslowski W., Gorska T., Majczynski H., Bem T.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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1993
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vol. 53
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issue 1
143-153
EN
In freely moving intact cats and cats with bilateral lesions of the lateral funicull the foot contact signals and the activity of selected muscles operating at the ankle and knee joints were analysed during walking at moderate speed (0.4-1.0 m/s). No essential changes in the activity of the muscles gastrocnemius lateralis (GL), semitendinosus (ST) and vastus lateralis (VL) were found in operated animals. The tibialis anterior (TA) muscle activity had a shorter duration than the swing phase in operated animals and showed an impaired coactivation with gastrocnemius lateralis (GL) muscle at the end of the swing phase.Pilot experiments indicated that these deficits may be partly compensated for by peroneal nerve electrostimulation. Analysis of regression lines relating the swing duration to the step duration, determined from EMG records, confirmed our previous results, based on foot contact signals (Gorska et al. 1993), showing that in cats with lateral funicular lesions the swing duration varies muchmore with the step duration than in intact animals.
3
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Hindlimb swing, stance and step relationships during unrestrained walking in cats with lateral funicular lesion

81%
Gorska T., Majczynski H., Bem T., Zmyslowski W.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
|
1993
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vol. 53
|
issue 1
133-142
EN
In freely moving cats, walking at speeds of 0.4-1.0 m/s, lesions of the lateral funiculi, performed at the low thoracic level, increased the hindlimb step cycle duration and changed the relationships between the stance and swing phase durations and the step cycle duration. The values of the slopes of linear regression lines relating the swing and the step durations were markedly increased, while those for the stance phase were decreased, compared to intact animals. Control dorsal column produced no change in these parameters. The results suggest that pathways in the lateral funiculi play a substantial role in maintaining the proper structure of the step cycle.
4
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Estimation of the propagation direction and spectral properties of the EEG signals registered during sevoflurane anaesthesia using Directed Transfer Function method

52%
Olejarczyk E., Kaminski M., Marciniak R., Byrczek T., Stasiowski M., Jalowiecki P., Sobieszek A., Zmyslowski W.
Polish Journal of Medical Physics And Engineering
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2011
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vol. 17
|
issue 2
95-104
EN
The aim of this study was to estimate spectral properties and propagation of the EEG signals registered during sevoflurane anaesthesia between individual EEG recording channels. The intensities of activity flows were calculated for delta, theta, alpha and beta waves using the Directed Transfer Function integration procedure. It was found that delta waves played the dominant role in the EEG signal propagation during anesthesia and it was suggested that theta and alpha waves propagation could be related to the processes participating in the wakefulness control. Data obtained with DTF method were compared with data received from the analysis of cerebral blood flow with the use of PET in other laboratory. This study showed that analysis of the EEG signal propagation is useful for better understanding and thus safer induction of anaesthesia procedure.
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