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Application of aluminosilicates for mitigation of ammonia and volatile organic compound emissions from poultry manure

100%
Opaliński S., Korczyński M., Szołtysik M., Dobrzański Z., Kołacz R.
Open Chemistry
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2015
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vol. 13
|
issue 1
EN
Odor mitigation techniques are widely investigated due to the problem of odor nuisance generated by intensive livestock production. The goal of this research was to investigate the use of aluminosilicate sorbents as filter packs in the air scrubber ODOR1, which enables cleaning of air inside the livestock building. The following sorbents were examined: raw halloysite, roasted halloysite, activated halloysite, raw bentonite, roasted bentonite and expanded vermiculite. The experiment was conducted in chambers where poultry manure was placed, the time of air treatment was 24 hours. A manual SPME (solid-phase microextraction) holder with DVB/Carboxen/PDMS fiber was used for extraction of odor compounds, and analyses were carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Ammonia concentrations were determined according to Polish standards (Nessler method) using a spectrophotometer. It was found that all examined aluminosilicates had the potential for removal of ammonia as well as 24 volatile compounds emitted from poultry manure. The highest efficiency was noted for activated halloysite (81%) and roasted bentonite (84%) in the case of ammonia and odors, respectively. Despite the limitations of the study, the results showed the effectiveness of the air scrubber packed with aluminosilicates for the reduction of volatile odorous compounds in the air of livestock buildings.
2
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Permeation of iodide from iodine-enriched yeast through porcine intestine

100%
Ryszka F., Dolińska B., Zieliński M., Chyra D., Dobrzański Z.
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2013
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vol. 60
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issue 4
737-739
EN
Iodine deficiency is a common phenomenon, threatening the whole global human population. Recommended daily intake of iodine is 150 μg for adults and 250 μg for pregnant and breastfeeding women. About 50% of human population can be at risk of moderate iodine deficiency. Due to this fact, increased iodine supplementation is recommended, through intake of iodized mineral water and salt iodization. The aim of this study was to investigate permeation and absorption of iodide from iodine bioplex (experimental group) in comparison with potassium iodide (controls). Permeation and absorption processes were investigated in vitro using a porcine intestine. The experimental model was based on a standard Franz diffusion cell (FD-Cell). The iodine bioplex was produced using Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and whey powder: iodine content - 388 μg/g, total protein - 28.5%, total fat - 0.9%., glutamic acid - 41.2%, asparaginic acid - 29.4%, lysine - 24.8%; purchased from: F.Z.N.P. Biochefa, Sosnowiec, Poland. Potassium iodide was used as controls, at 388 μg iodine concentration, which was the same as in iodine-enriched yeast bioplex. A statistically significant increase in iodide permeation was observed for iodine-enriched yeast bioplex in comparison with controls - potassium iodide. After 5h the total amount of permeated iodide from iodine-enriched yeast bioplex was 85%, which is ~ 2-fold higher than controls - 37%. Iodide absorption was by contrast statistically significantly higher in controls - 7.3%, in comparison with 4.5% in experimental group with iodine-enriched yeast bioplex. Presented results show that iodide permeation process dominates over absorption in case of iodine-enriched yeast bioplex.
3
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Production of calcium preparations by technology of saltwater fish by product processing

86%
Bubel F., Dobrzański Z., Bykowski P. J., Chojnacka K., Opaliński S., Trziszka T.
Open Chemistry
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2015
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vol. 13
|
issue 1
EN
The paper presents the technology of processing Baltic cod (Gadus morhua callarias) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) backbones – by-products from fish processing – for the production of calcium preparations. The raw material for the process consisted of backbones with remaining muscle tissue, devoid of heads and fins (30 kg of each type of backbones). The processing included the following stages: cutting, preliminary processing in an alkaline environment (soaking in 2 M NaOH), processing with 0.1% citric acid, aroma removal and material disinfection (5% H2O2), rinsing with tap water, drying, and grinding the end-product. Calcium preparations from cod (BCP) and salmon (ASP) in the amounts of 1.20 kg and 1.62 kg, respectively, characterized by high calcium content (27.79% in BCP, and 24.92% in ASP) and low protein and fat content (14.20% and 0.25% for BCP, and 10.78% and 0.12% for ASP, respectively) were obtained. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of this technology for production of calcium preparations from fish backbones.
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