Search results

1

SOCIAL AND POLITICAL ASPECTS OF PHYSICAL CULTURE IN THE SOVIET UNION IN THE YEARS 1917–1939

100%

Stefanik R.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

|

2014

|

vol. 8

|

issue 4

123-128

EN

The article shows social and political aspects of implementing Soviet ideology-doctrine of physical culture after taking over the rule by communists in Russia and its evolution up to the year 1939. Physical culture, including sports was harnessed into the system of indoctrination of the population, preparation for military service and increased production effort. Sport, which was supposed to serve the working classes, became a tool of propaganda, confrontation with Western Countries and for leading politicians and trainers it became a conveyor belt of power ideology. Against the background of internal and external situation the system of so called socialistic physical culture social sport’s phenomenon was shown, which, often against the policy of authorities, remained a way of life, entertainment, and spectacle gathering many fans.

2

SOCIOPOLITICAL ASPECTS OF THE WORK OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS IN THE WEST POMERANIA IN THE YEARS 1945–1950

100%

Stefanik R.

|

EN

The article presents a pionieer period of organization of the education system in West Pomerania in the years 1945-1950. The author shows the social and political aspects of this process and the financial conditions of employment in this profession. From the beginning of 1949 the authorities initiated an extensive action of ideological and political indoctrination of the teaching personnel. A further step was an ideological self-education of teachers and school administration. A great deal of emphasis was put on the preparation of the youth to compete at work and studies, though, probably using young people in production works and subbotniks within the ‘Serving Poland Scheme’ was of paramount importance. The number of gyms, playgrounds and equipment was insufficient and low salary did not encourage the employees to take the job. Ideologization of physical culture, an inflow of candidates for teachers from the rural areas and communities of physical workers as well as financial limitations efficiently lowered the teaching quality in this period.

3

Social and Political Aspects of the Development of Cycling in Pomorze Zachodnie (West Pomerania) in the Years 1945–1950

63%

Stefanik R., Zawadzki M.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

|

2020

|

vol. 30

|

issue 2

5-14

EN

The article presents the determinants of the development of cycling in the areas incorporated by Poland in the first years after the Second World War. The biggest contribution into this process was made by people from large cities, pre-war enthusiasts and athletes who undertook the hardships of social activity and the engagement of local youth. Sports organizations were controlled, but also supported, by state authorities that used mass events in the propaganda policy and actions aimed at integrating the Northern and Western Lands with the rest of the country. This was an important task due to the difficult living conditions and marauding groups of criminals for whom Pomorze Zachodnie constituted an area of criminal activity, mainly plundering former German property, as well as attacking. Polish settlers. The development of cycling in Szczecin was favored by the German infrastructure, including a concrete track often used in national championships. At the end of 1949, sport in Poland was reorganized and centralized, making it similar to the Soviet model, where there was no room for social measures. The bourgeoisie clubs had to cease their activities, while the circles and clubs were created at workplaces and trade unions. Sports federations were liquidated and their place was occupied by sports clubs located within the structures of the state administration. The organizational changes were accompanied by the mass popularization of sport and increased financing for competitive sport from the state budget. The goal of such activities was to reach a wide group of young people for the needs of indoctrination, as well as to raise the level of sport to achieve more effective competition with Western countries.

Refine search results

3 Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

1 2020

1 2014

1 2013

3 Stefanik R.

1 Zawadzki M.

SOCIAL AND POLITICAL ASPECTS OF PHYSICAL CULTURE IN THE SOVIET UNION IN THE YEARS 1917–1939

SOCIOPOLITICAL ASPECTS OF THE WORK OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS IN THE WEST POMERANIA IN THE YEARS 1945–1950

Social and Political Aspects of the Development of Cycling in Pomorze Zachodnie (West Pomerania) in the Years 1945–1950