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Determination of Urinary Schistosomiasis among School Children in selected Schools in Bekwarra Local Government Area, Cross River State, Nigeria Using Rapid Diagnostic Methods

100%
Iboyi M. O., Moses J., Azua E. T.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2022
|
vol. 43
83-95
EN
Urinary Schistosomiasis is caused by the trematode Schistosoma haematobium. The disease is characterized by blood in the urine. This study was conducted to ascertain if self-reported haematuria using questionnaire, visible haematuria and micro haematuria using reagent strips could be used as a rapid diagnostic tool for detection of urinary schistosomiasis in the study area. The study was carried out among school children in Bekwarra Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria. A total of 400 urine samples collected from the students were investigated. Analytical procedure employed was detection of haematuria and presence of S. haematobium ova in urine using urine sedimentation. Out of the 400 samples observed, 118(29.5%) were infected with Schistosoma haematobium. Overall prevalence of micro haematuria, self-reported haematuria and visible haematuria were 94(23.5%), 87(21.8%) and 39(9.8%) respectively. Self-reported haematuria and visible haematuria was highest among male subjects with a prevalence of 63(26.7%) and 28(11.9%) respectively. However, micro haematuria was highest among the female subjects 40(24.4%) as compared to the male 54(22.9%) (P>0.05). Self-reported haematuria was highest among the age group 15-19 years 13(25.5%), micro haematuria was highest among the age group 10-14 years 56(26.3%) while visible haematuria was highest among the age group 5-9 years 15(11.0%). However, the variation observed was insignificant (P<0.05). The three diagnostic methods employed were not uniform in terms of the results gotten among the eight schools studied. Self-reported haematuria was highest in Community Primary School, Beten 25(50.0%), followed by micro-haematuria in Sacred Heart Primary School, Nyanya 23(46%), while visible haematuria was highest in Community Primary School, Ijibor 12(24.0%). Diagnostic methods revealed that micro haematuria had the highest sensitivity 65(55.1%), followed by self-reported haematuria 50(42.4%) then visible haematuria, 32(27.1%). The proportion of false positive diagnoses was highest in self-reported haematuria 37(9.3%), followed by micro haematuria 29(7.3%) then visible haematuria 7(1.8%). The findings suggest that reagent strips are rapid method for detection of micro haematuria for identifying individuals and communities infected with Schistosoma haematobium.
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Ecology and Prevalence of Parasites of African Giant Rat (Cricetomys gambianus Waterhouse, 1840) in Benue State, Nigeria

100%
Yager G. O., Abuul T. B. T., Iboyi M. O., Ate G. M.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2022
|
vol. 41
98-106
EN
The study examined the body weight and parasites prevalence of African giant rat (Cricetomys gambianus Waterhouse, 1840) in rural setting of Gboko Local Government of Benue State. A total of 15 rats (10 males and 5 females) were collected from the wild and subjected to parasites isolation and body weight measurement at the Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture laboratory, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and student T-test. Results revealed a significantly higher (1.99kg) mean body weight in males rats compared to females (1.2 kg) (p<0.05). Parasite prevalence revealed 3 groups of Endo parasites (Roundworm, Flagellates and Tapeworm) and an Ecto parasite (flea) in the rats. However, there was no significant difference between the male and female rats in terms of the Endo/Ecto parasites count and load (p> 0.05). More so, body weight, endo and ecto parasites count and load were highly correlated with sex in the animals. For healthier consumption and domestication, adequate attention should be given towards the control of both endo and ecto parasite of captive reared African giant rat.
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