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Epidemiology and pathogenesis of thoracic outlet syndrome

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Wojcik G., Sokolowska B., Piskorz J.
Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences
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2015
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vol. 28
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issue 1
24-26
EN
The superior thoracic aperture is a place particularly vulnerable to the occurrence of tissue conflict and the development of a number of neurovascular changes carrying a risk of upper limb dysfunction. The triggering factor in this case is the pressure on the nerve vascular elements brought about by too large muscles of the chest and neck, clavicle fracture and dislocation of the upper ribs, anomalies in the form of ribs, in the neck, or by apex of the lung tumors. Each anatomical anomaly may be a cause of a number of lesions and lead to the development of the disease. Due to the nature of the oppressed structures, there are two basic groups: neurogenic and vascular. The most common variant giving clinical symptoms is neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. In this, the compression ratio, the brachial plexus, and for this reason, the vascular surface of the upper limb dysfunction is often overlooked. However, the vascular variant, and especially arterial sub-variant, is very dangerous because it can give complications even in the form of aneurysms, and even upper limb ischemia. The aim of the study is to present the most common changes in the thoracic outlet causing functional disorders of the upper limb.
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Effect of intervertebral disc disease on scoliosis in the lumbar spine

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Wojcik G., Piskorz J., Ilzecka J., Bulikowski W.
Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences
|
2014
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vol. 27
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issue 3
155-158
EN
Lumbar intervertebral discopathy is a common clinical problem and a significant cause of low back pain. Usually it is associated with overload and damage to the intervertebral disc, which directly relates to the instability of the motion segment. Renal normal anatomy between tissues within the spinal canal is a cause of the reflex curvature of the spine, the goal is to increase the volume of the spinal channel and reduce the compression of the nerve tissue. Knee-jerk reaction to pain is an non physiological change of the setting of the spine in the frontal plane. The aim of the study was to establish the relationship of migration of the intervertebral disc with reflex scoliosis in the lumbar region in patients with lumbar disc herniation. Material and methods. The studies involved 78 patients aged 18-55 years with damaged intervertebral disc with annulus fibrosus of the bulge in the posterior-lateral direction. The study used multi-row spiral CT scanner. Results. In the patients, reflex lateral curvature was observed. The angle of scoliosis was measured with Cobb method; it did not exceed 10 degrees. It was also established that spontaneously the shallowing of lumbar lordosis and vertical alignment of the sacrum occured. Conclusion. The study shows that in most patients diagnosed with lateral migration of the intervertebral disc there develops a slight lateral curvature of the spine, which is a reflex reaction of axial musculoskeletal to discogenic pain.
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