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EN
The present study sought to analyze the possible changes that might be caused by MSG and soybean on the secretion of both the male and female reproductive hormones in wistar rats. Two hundred and ten wistar rats (105 female and 105 male rats) were used for this study. The 105 female rats were equally divided into three groups representing the various experimental durations of 2, 4, and 6 months. Each of these groups consisting of 35 rats were further divided equally into 7 subgroups each containing 5 rats. 3 out of the 7 subgroups were orally administered MSG, another 3 out of the 7 subgroups were orally administered soybean according to the established LD50 as follows: 1000 mg/kg b.w (low dose, LD), 2000 mg/kg b.w (medium dose, MD), 3000 mg/kg b.w (High dose, HD) daily, while the 7th group served as the control group and was given only water and normal rat chow. The 105 male rats were also grouped in same manner and orally administered the MSG and soybean. The levels of LH, FSH, progesterone (PRG), oestrogen (E2) and testosterone were analyzed by ELISA technique. Long period administration of MSG significantly (p<0.05) decreased the levels of LH, PRG, E2 and FSH in the female rats when compared with the control group. Consumption of soybean for a long period of time significantly (p<0.05) decreased the level of E2 and FSH in the female rats, while short period administration significantly (p<0.05) increased the PRG level and long period administration significantly (p<0.05) decreased the PRG level in comparison with the control. Long and short period consumption of MSG as well as soybean significantly (p<0.05) decreased the levels of testosterone and LH in the male rats, while only long period administration of both significantly (p<0.05) decreased the level of FSH in the male rats when compared with the control group. The consumption of both small and large amounts of MSG and soybean elicit reproductive hormonal imbalance irrespective of the gender through the alteration of the levels of FSH, LH, E2, testesterone and PRG.
EN
In a three year study (2018, 2019 and 2020), some groundwater sources in Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria were evaluated for quality. A total of one hundred and eighty composite borehole water samples were collected from 10 locations/sites in the study area. The sampling sites in the study were A (Iju), B (Onipannu), C (Ilogbo), D (Arobieye), E (Igbooloye, F (Osi), G (Ijoko), H (Akeja), I (Oju-ore) and J (Iyesi). Samples collected were analyzed using standard procedure for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride and iron (Fe). Results over three years showed that the water was acidic with pH < 6.5, EC ranged from 39.52±0.79 to 134.99±0.03 µS/cm, TDS ranged from 19.43±0.42 to 81.00±0.02 mg/L, chloride was consistent at 0.02±0.00 mg/L while Fe ranged from 0.00±0.00 to 0.11±0.08 mg/L. There was no definite yearly trend except for Fe which dropped from 0.036 mg/L in 2018 to 0.011 mg/L in 2020. Modelling the data for consumption using water quality index (WQI) showed that the groundwater is of excellent quality with WQI < 50 while for health risks using the average daily dose (ADD) and hazard quotient showed that the groundwater would pose no non-carcinogenic risks. Periodic monitoring covering more parameter is recommended to reflect the proper status of groundwater sources in Ota.
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