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EN
The isostructural phases in Bi-2212-type HTSC were studied by structural and optical methods. The epitaxial intergrowth was shown to be a feature typical of single crystals composed of several isostructural phases. The physical properties of the multi-phase samples were interpreted on the basis of reference mono-phase samples. A presence of the intergrowth interface was assumed to be responsible for particular features in multi-phase samples.
EN
Polarized Raman spectra of high temperature superconducting single crystals of A_{10}Cu_{17}O_{29} (A_{10}=Ca_{4.7}Sr_{4.1}Bi_{0.3}) were studied in various scattering configurations in the range of 40-700cm^{-1}. In very distinctive spectra there were found over 20 peaks. It was observed that the flat continuum of electronic excitations in the normal state was redistributed below the critical temperature. The frequency dependent redistribution is consistent with the value of energy gap estimated using tunnelling spectroscopy techniques.
EN
The fragment approximation is used for the description of the layered cuprate structures. The characteristic structural features are distinguished which genetically relate all the layered cuprates. The classification scheme for the whole family of layered cuprates is analyzed in the fragment approximation and a possible extension of the scheme is discussed.
EN
The structural, optical, and magnetic properties are studied in the (M_2Cu_2O_3)_m(CuO_2)_n-type single crystals with the surface on which the Bi-2212-type phase was indicated. The physical properties of such samples were interpreted to some extent by the contributions of two phases. When the secondary phases on the surface of the samples were removed by mechanical polishing or etching by Ar^{+}-ion plasma, the physical properties were typical of the (M_2Cu_2O_3)_m(CuO_2)_n-type crystals. The optical method was shown to be effective for indication of secondary Bi-rich phases on the surface of (M_2Cu_2O_3)_m(CuO_2)_n samples.
EN
Magnetization M(T) and M(H) data of single crystals of the S=1/2 quasi-one-dimensional system (A_{2}Cu_{2}O_{3})_{m}(CuO_{2})_{n} with various A-site constituents are compared. The studied orthorhombic, incommensurate crystals are characterized by m/n=5/7,7/10, and 9/13. The role of rare-earth ions located in A-sites is discussed.
EN
Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction proved chain ladder incommensurate single crystal structure of investigated samples. The incommensurate ratio was determined from the X-ray and electron diffraction being equal to 0.704. Diffuse scattering intensities localised on the planes perpendicular to the c*-axis and passing through the spots originating from the periodicity of chain sublattice were detected. High-angle grain boundary or twinning formed by rotation of 33.3° around [100] direction was observed. High-resolution electron microscopy images revealed the stacking faults in ac planes.
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