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Electronic Structure of Doped La-Mn-O Perovskites

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The electronic structure of the doped perovskite manganese oxides La_{1-x}Sr_{x}MnO_{3} and La_{1-x}Ba_{x}MnO_{3} has been investigated by X-ray photoelectron and X-ray emission spectroscopy. By comparing the O K_{α} and Mn L_{α} X-ray emission spectra with the valence band X-ray photoelectron spectra we could localize the Mn 3d and O 2p states into the valence band. Our data are compared with previous band structure calculations. The value of the Mn 3s splitting does not change with Sr-doping in the concentration region from x=0.0 till x=0.3. This shows that the doping holes have mainly oxygen p character. The large value of the splitting indicates that the 3d electrons are in the high-spin state.
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The electronic structure of Dy(Co_{1-x}Al_{x})_{2} compounds (Laves phase - MgCu_{2}, C15) for Al concentrations x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2 was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results were compared with the ab initio band structure calculations.
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The ability of four strains of Lactobacillus sp. two strains of Bifidobacterium sp. and one strain of Listeria mnocytogenes to adhere to human intestinal cell lines Caco-2, HT-29 and Int 407 was examined. Well-developed monolayers of intestinal cells were obtained when initial concentration of Caco-2 cells was 1 x 104/cm2, HT-29 cells 4.2 x 104/cm2, and Int 407 cells 2 x 104/cm2. The appropriate fetal bovine serum additions for Caco-2, HT-29 and Int 407 were 20%, 10% and 10%, respectively. The reduction of serum addition decreased intestinal cell density and prolonged monolayer development. The highest cell densities in epithelial monolayer were obtained in the Int 407 cell cultures. The yield of bacterial adhesion was strain ? dependent. Significant differences were also observed in bacteria adhesion to individual intestinal cell lines. The best adhesion ability to Caco-2 exhibited Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Bifidobacterium bifidum. The highest adhesion to HT-29 line demonstrated B. bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus LC1. The adhesion of bacteria to Int 407 was much lower. Significant effect on bacteria adhesion has their cell density being in contact with intestinal monolayer. The adherence of Listeria monocytogenes to Caco-2 and HT-29 was very low in the range of 0.2% and 6.0%, respectively.
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X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility of GdNi_{5}, GdNi_{4}Al, GdNi_{2}Al_{3} and GdNiAl_{4} are reported. The magnetic state of Ni 3d-electrons strongly depends on the crystallographic structure of the compounds, showing spin fluctuations in GdNi_{5} and GdNi_{4}Al, a similar behavior with that of metallic Ni in GdNi_{2}Al_{3} and a filled 3d-band in GdNiAl_{4}.
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