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Experimental Investigation of Hot Carriers in Terahertz Quantum Cascade Lasers

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Scamarcio G., Vitiello M., Spagnolo V.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2008
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vol. 113
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issue 3
787-794
EN
The nature of the electron distribution and the electron-lattice energy relaxation phenomena in all classes of quantum cascade lasers operating in the THz range, namely, resonant-phonon, bound-to-continuum, and interlaced photon-phonon designs are reviewed. Thermalized hot-electron distributions are found in all cases. However, electronic temperatures of individual conduction subband are strongly influenced by the specific quantum design and the actual electron-lattice energy relaxation channels. A wealth of information was obtained both below and above laser threshold from the analysis of micro-probe band-to-band photoluminescence spectra recorded with a spatial resolution of ≈2 μm. The influence of the detailed knowledge of the hot electron distributions on the design of improved THz quantum cascade lasers aiming at high temperature operation will be discussed.
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Thermal Modelling of Quantum Cascade Lasers

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Spagnolo V., Vitiello M., Di Franco C., Scamarcio G.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2009
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vol. 116
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issue 4
451-454
EN
One of the top priorities in the development of quantum cascade laser sources is the optimization of the heat transport dynamic. We review here our experimental studies on the thermal properties of state of art quantum cascade lasers operating both in the mid-IR and THz ranges. The experimental approach is based on the investigation of the band-to-band photoluminescence signals, collected during device continuous wave operation. We measured the lattice temperature profile on the device front facet and using these data as inputs, we extract the heat dissipation patterns, the in-plane and the cross-plane active region thermal conductivities and the thermal boundary resistance for quantum cascade lasers based on different material systems.
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