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1

Mouse embryonal stem calls - a tool of cloning mammals

100%
Karasiewicz J., Modlinski J. A.
Biotechnologia
|
1995
|
issue 3
84-90
EN
Mouse embryonal stem cells (ESCs) are embryo-derived totipotent cells which can be used to massively clone mice.The methods of obtaining ECSs are described and their applications and limitations in cloning are discussed.Attemps to obtain ECSs from farm animals are discussed.
2

The use of cell lines and the methods of cell cycle synchronization in mammalian cloning

100%
Modlinski J., Karasiewicz J.
Biotechnologia
|
1998
|
issue 2
86-100
EN
Studies aimed at improving the effectiveness of cloning by nuclear transfer have shown that proper development of the majority of reconstituted embryos is secured by G1 phase of the donor nucleus or by using 'universal recipients' i.e. enucleated pre-activated oocytes. Donor nuclei for cloning may by derived from cell lines of embryonic stem cells (mouse), embryonic cells after short in vitro culture (sheep, pig, cattle) or even from fetal cells or adult cells after in vitro culture and inducing quiescence in their nuclei (sheep). The use of fetal cells for transgenesis in vitro and the production of transgenic sheep after nuclear transfer from these cells opens the way to profitable technology of cloning transgenic farm animals.
3

The possible role of cell cycle stage in mammalian cloning

81%
Modlinski J. A., Grabarek J., Plusa B., Karasiewicz J.
|
|
issue 2
153-176
EN
Progress in mammalian cloning started from cloning embryos (of mice, rats, rabbits, sheep, goats, pigs, cattle and rhesus monkeys) and culminated in obtaining clones of sheep, cattle, pigs and mice from adult somatic cells. Knowing the relationship between the cell cycles of the recipient and the donor of cell nucleus in embryonic cloning by nuclear transfer one can adjust the phases of the cell cycle properly. Metaphase II recipients accept G1 (in most species) or G2 donors (in the mouse). Interphase recipients can harbour nuclei in all stages of cell cycle. Relatively little is known about somatic cloning. Two attitudes are applied: either the donor is in the G0 phase or the recipient is in a prolonged MII phase.
4

Developmental potential of mammalian somatic cells

81%
Modlinski J. A., Piliszek A., Karasiewicz J.
Biotechnologia
|
2003
|
issue 1
9-22
EN
The analysis of the experiments on somatic cloning of mammals reveals that possibly there is a group of cells whose nuclei have greater developmental potential than those of other cells. The group comprises cells of a particular developmental lineage, namely those originating from embryonic mesenchyme and mesoderm. The group remains to be elucidated if somatic cells effectively used for cloning are terminally differentiated, not yet fully differentiated or if they are stem cells. Developmental potential of somatic cell nuclei is best revealed when they are quiescent (i.e. in G0 phase of the cell cycle) upon being introduced into enucleated oocytes. The main obstacle in revealing the potencies of nuclei are the difficulties in their reprogramming before starting embryonic transcription, probably consisting in improper and not fast enough erasing of epigentic modifications of the genome. Developmental plasticity of whole cells as opposed to their nuclei has been experimentally presented in a particular class of somatic cells, namely in stem cells. Stem cells renewing a tissue of their origin can undergo transdifferentiation, that is, in atypical conditions they can differentiate into cells of other tissue and in chimaeras with early embryos - even into many diferent types of cells.
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