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1

Characteristics of edible cyanobacteria of the genus Arthrospira

100%
Miklaszewska M., Waleron M., Waleron K.
Biotechnologia
|
2008
|
issue 3
103-118
EN
The genus Arthrospira includes filamentous cyanobacteria with multicellular cylindrical trichomes arranged in an open helix. The biomass of Arthrospira is composed of protein (50-70%), carbohydrates, lipids and minerals. It also contains carotenoids, phycocyanin and vitamins. Arthrospira species are found in tropical and semitropical regions. Arthrospira is industrially cultivated because of its high nutritional values as well as of its therapeutic properties. Commercial production of Arthrospira is carried out in open ponds and closed bioreactors. The biomass is sold by the incorrect name ?Spirulina' as a result of confusion in nomenclature regarding the genus Arthrospira.
2

Biotechnological potential of cyanobacteria of the genus Arthrospira

100%
Miklaszewska M., Waleron M., Waleron K.
Biotechnologia
|
2008
|
issue 3
119-142
EN
Nutritional properties of Arthrospira have been known for hundred years. It was consumed by the Aztecs and it is still an important food source for the Kanembu tribe in Chad. The biomass of Arthrospira is the source of eight essential and twelve non-essential amino acids, as well as lipids, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins and carotenoids. It has immunomodulative, antioxidant, antiviral and anticancerogenic properties. Arthrospira is also used for heavy metal and inorganic nutrients removal from wastewater. Arthrospira PCC 8005 strain was chosen to be a part of MELISSA system (Micro Ecological Life Support System Alternative), where it will be used to produce oxygen and as food for astronauts.
3

50 years of studies of restriction ? modification systems

100%
Waleron K., Nakonieczna J., Waleron M., Podhajska A. J.
Biotechnologia
|
2006
|
issue 2
65-88
EN
The basic function of restriction endonucleases and methyltransferases is protection of the host genome against foreign DNA. Their recombination and transposition related functions are still being discussed. Some authors postulate that R-M genes may act as selfish genetic elements. Restriction endonucleases are indispensable tools in molecular biology. As these enzymes recognize DNA sequence very specifically, they serve as a model for protein-DNA interaction. Restriction-modification genes have also played the same role as a model for evolutionary studies as well as protein structure - function relations. So far, there have been more than 3500 bacterial strains studied which possessed R-M genes of more than 280 different specificities towards recognition sequence and cleavage sites. They became a very good commercial product for many biotechnological companies. At present, in a genome sequencing era, R-M genes seem to be much more common than it was thought before.
4

Cyanobacteria ? the source of biologically active substances

88%
Glowacka J., Waleron M., Szefel-Markowska M., Lojkowska E., Waleron K.
|
2007
|
issue 4
95-112
EN
Cyanobacteria (blue ? green algae) are one of the largest group of Gram ? negative, photosynthetic prokaryotes, which are morphologically diverse and highly widespread in salt and sweet water and also in terrestrial habitats. They play a significant role as primary producers in many ecosystems. Some species of Cyanobacteria are capable to grow extensively and formate toxic water blooms which can be dangerous for animal and human health. Certain species of them produce a wide variety of bioactive compounds which can have potential biotechnological cosmetical and pharmaceutical applications. Cyanobacteria have recently been identified as one of the most promising group of organisms from which large number of novel, biochemically active natural compounds can be isolated.
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