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Mechanical Work and Long-Distance Performance Prediction: the Influence of Allometric Scaling

100%

Peikriszwili Tartaruga M., Brisswalter J., Mota C. B., Alberton C. L., Gomeñuka N. A., Peyré-Tartaruga L. A.

Journal of Human Kinetics

2013

vol. 38

73-82

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of allometric scaling on the relationship between mechanical work and long-distance running performance in recreational runners. Fourteen recreational long-distance runners (male, mean ± SD - age: 29 ± 7 years; body mass: 70.0 ± 10.2 kg; body height: 1.71 ± 0.07 m; maximal oxygen uptake: VO2max 52.0 ± 4.9 ml·kg-1·min-1) performed two tests: a continuous incremental test to volitional exhaustion in order to determine VO2max, and a 6-minute running submaximal test at 3.1 m·s-1, during which segments in the sagittal plane were recorded using a digital camera and the internal (Wint), external (Wext) and total (Wtot) mechanic work, in J.kg-1·m-1, was subsequently calculated. The results indicated a significant correlation between mechanical work and performance, however, the strongest correlations were observed when allometric exponents were used (respectively for Wint, Wext and Wtot; non allometric vs. allometric scaling defined by literature (0.75) or determined mathematically (0.49): r = 0.38 vs. r = 0.44 and r = 0.50; r = 0.80 vs. r = 0.83 and r = 0.82; r = 0.70 vs. r = 0.77 and r = 0.78). These results indicate that mechanical work could be used as a predictor of recreational long-distance performance and an allometric model may improve this prediction.

Neuromuscular Responses of Elite Skaters During Different Roller Figure Skating Jumps

84%

Pantoja P. D., Mello A., Liedtke G. V., Kanitz A. C., Cadore E. L., Pinto S. S., Alberton C. L., Kruel L. F. M.

Journal of Human Kinetics

2014

vol. 41

issue 1

23-32

This study aimed to describe the neuromuscular activity of elite athletes who performed various roller figure skating jumps, to determine whether the muscle activation is greater during jumps with more rotations and in which phase the muscles are more active. This study also aimed to analyze if there is any difference in the muscle activity pattern between female and male skaters. Four elite skaters were evaluated, and each participated in two experimental sessions. During the first session, anthropometric data were collected, and the consent forms were signed. For the second session, neuromuscular data were collected during jumps, which were performed with skates at a rink. The following four roller figure skating jumps were evaluated: single Axel, double Axel, double Mapes and triple Mapes. The neuromuscular activity of the following seven muscles was obtained with an electromyograph which was fixed to the waist of each skater with a strap: biceps femoris, lateral gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis and gluteus maximus. The signal was transmitted wirelessly to a laptop. During the roller figure skating jumps, the lateral gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris and gluteus maximus, showed more activation during the jumps with more rotations, and the activation mainly occurred during the propulsion and flight phases. Female skaters demonstrated higher muscle activities in tibialis anterior, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis and gluteus maximus during the landing phase of the triple Mapes, when compared to their male counterparts. The results obtained in this study should be considered when planning training programs with specific exercises that closely resemble the roller figure skating jumps. This may be important for the success of elite skaters in competitions.

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2 Journal of Human Kinetics

1 2014

1 2013

2 Alberton C. L.

1 Brisswalter J.

1 Cadore E. L.

1 Gomeñuka N. A.

1 Kanitz A. C.

1 Kruel L. F. M.

1 Liedtke G. V.

1 Mello A.

1 Mota C. B.

1 Pantoja P. D.

1 Peikriszwili Tartaruga M.

1 Peyré-Tartaruga L. A.

1 Pinto S. S.

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Mechanical Work and Long-Distance Performance Prediction: the Influence of Allometric Scaling

Neuromuscular Responses of Elite Skaters During Different Roller Figure Skating Jumps