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Relationship between the verbal fluency and academic achievement in second and third grade students: the effects of gender and parents’ educational level

100%
Aksamovic A., Djordjevic M., Malec D., Memisevic H.
Acta Neuropsychologica
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2019
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vol. 17(2)
139-150
EN
Verbal fluency is an important skill related to academic success. Many studies have indicated a strong link between verbal fluency and cognitive processes. The exact nature and size of the relationship between verbal fluency and academic success has not been extensively explored. Thus, the goal of the present study was to examine the relationship between verbal fluency, including its components clustering and switching, with academic success in a sample of second and third grade elementary school students. In addition to this, we examined the effects of gender and the parents’ level of education on verbal fluency. The sample for this study consisted of 61 second and third grade students (39 boys and 22 girls) attending two regular schools in the Mostar region, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Children were given tests of both semantic fluency and phonetic fluency. Teachers’ ratings were used as a measure of the children’s academic success. The results of this study indicated the strong link between verbal fluency and academic success. Components of verbal fluency, clustering and switching had a small effect on academic achievement. There was no effect of gender on verbal fluency and academic success. On the other hand, the parents’ level of education had a strong effect on both, verbal fluency and academic success. Verbal fluency, defined as the total number of words retrieved, is strongly related to academic success. Clustering and switching, as two components of verbal fluency, have a limited value in predicting academic achievement. However, the parents’ educational level is strongly related to academic success.
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Predictors of math achievement in the elementary school students grades 1-3

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Memisevic H., Biscevic I., Pasalic A.
Acta Neuropsychologica
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2018
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vol. 16(3)
249-258
EN
Early math skills are a good predictor of later academic success. Finding what factors influence math performance might help educators create better and more efficient math programs. The goal of the present study was to assess the relationship of math achievement and verbal fluency, selective attention, visual-motor integration and inhibitory control. An additional goal was to assess the effect of gender and grade on math achievement. The sample for this study comprised 210 children from grades 1 to 3 (107 boys, 103 girls). Children were individually administered a math test and tests of various predictor measures. The significant predictors of math achievement were verbal fluency, selective attention, visual-motor integration, and inhibitory control. The proposed model explained around 70% of the variance in the math scores. There were no gender differences in the math scores. Given the fact that all the predictors used in this study are very susceptible to inclusion in instruction, their incorporation in an early age curriculum might significantly improve math skills at a later age.
3
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Exploring the link between a theory of mind and executive functions in preschool children

100%
Memisevic H., Biscevic I., Pasalic A.
Acta Neuropsychologica
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2018
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vol. 16(1)
17-26
EN
Acquisition of the theory of mind (TOM) is a very important milestone in the development of preschool children. TOM is especially important for the development of children’s social skills. The goal of the present study was to examine the effects of age, gender and executive functions (EF) on the acquisition of TOM. The sample in this study consisted of 116 preschool children aged 36-72 months (mean age 58.8 months, SD= 9.5 months). In relation to the child’s gender, there were 56 girls (48.3%) and 60 boys (51.7%). The Sally Anne test- a task purporting to measure TOM, was used as a dependant variable and age, gender, and EF measures were used as the predictors. Logistic regression was used as a method to determine the effects of predictors on TOM. The results of this study indicated that success on the TOM test can best be predicted by the inhibitory control, followed by verbal fluency and child’s age. The gender of the child was not associated with TOM acquisition. The overall model explained between 27% and 38% of the variance in the TOM scores. Inhibitory control is the executive function that had the greatest predictive power for the results on the theory of the mind task. The findings of this study can help early interventionists in the modification of existing preschool curricula, so that they include more activities that would foster the development of the theory of mind in preschool children. Future studies should aim to find a better model of theory of mind predictors by examining the effects of other executive function constructs, such as working memory.
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VERBAL FLUENCY AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH INHIBITORY CONTROL IN CHILDREN GRADES 1-3

88%
Memisevic H., Soce S., Kuralic Cisic L., Biscevic I., Pasalic A.
Acta Neuropsychologica
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2018
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vol. 16(4)
343-352
EN
Verbal fluency (VF) is a good indicator of a child’s academic prowess and later academic success. The goal of the present study was to examine the association between VF and inhibitory control. An additional goal was to examine the developmental trajectories of VF in relation to the grade and gender of the children. The sample for this study consisted of 210 children attending grades 1 to 3. Children’s performance was measured on two VF tasks: semantic fluency and phonological fluency. As a measure of inhibitory control we used a number of commission errors committed on the Multiple Choice Reaction Test. The results of this study indicate the lack of association between VF and inhibitory control. Children improved significantly in VF from grade 1 to grade 3. In relation to gender, girls outperformed boys on the test of phonological fluency but not on the test of semantic fluency. Given the importance of VF, these skills need to be tackled during the elementary school period and even earlier in preschool.
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