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Conversion of tetrachloromethane in large scale gliding discharge reactor

100%
Młotek M., Reda E., Krawczyk K.
Open Chemistry
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2015
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vol. 13
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issue 1
EN
Gliding discharge plasma in a large scale reactor was used for decomposition of tetrachloromethane. The new power supply system based on a power inverter was used. The conversion of CCl4 was investigated in air at normal pressure. The reactor was made of a quartz-glass tube 60 mm in diameter and contained three converging electrodes 140 mm long. Effects of the initial CCl4 concentration, gas flow rate and discharge power on CCl4 conversion have been studied. The conversion of CCl4 was high in all cases reaching a maximum of 90%. The conversion of tetrachloromethane decreased with increasing initial concentration of CCl4 in the reaction mixture. Changing the gas flow rate from 1000 Nl h-1 to 1400 Nl h-1 decreased the conversion of tetrachloromethane.
2
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Somatic and typological differentiation of first-year male and female students from the Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw

88%
Gryko K., Kopiczko A., Krawczyk K., Maliszewska I., Perkowski K.
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
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2019
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vol. 28
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issue 4
5-14
EN
University education is a period of human life when lifestyles or person’s activity are critical to the development of somatic build, while identification of the somatotype allows for corrections or recommendation of effective physical activity programmes. The main aim of this study was to assess selected features of body build and to identify somatotypes of young people at early stages of education at Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw depending on the field of study. The study examined 394 students of physical education (PE) and sport (S). Anthropometric measurements were the main research method used in the study. Physical body build (somatotype) was identified using the Heath-Carter method. The ANOVA/MANOVA analysis of variance was employed to determine the significance of differences in values of anthropometric and somatic characteristics between the groups of students. Students of physical education were characterized by a somatotype with a code of 3.08-4.6-2.62 (endomorphic mesomorph). In students of sport, the somatotype code was 3.0-4.58-2.37 (endomorphic mesomorph). Compared to S students, significantly (p < 0.05) higher values (by 10.5%) of the ectomorphy component were found in PE students. The results revealed the need for more research into the somatic build of students of physical education, taking into account the changes in their living conditions (including socio-economic environment), since graduates are expected to promote physical activity in the future. It is also necessary to carry out identical research at the end of studies in order to evaluate the effect of university curricula on the somatic build of students.
3
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A comparison of carbon tetrachloride decomposition using spark and barrier discharges

76%
Ulejczyk B., Krawczyk K., Młotek M., Schmidt-Szałowski K., Nogal Ł., Kuca B.
Open Chemistry
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2015
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vol. 13
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issue 1
EN
The decomposition of CCl4 in air was investigated at atmospheric pressure in two discharges. Reactors used to generate electrical discharges were powered by the same electric power supply. In both reactors, nearly 90% conversion of CCl4 was obtained. All chlorine was in the form of Cl2 in the process carried out in the barrier discharge, while in the spark discharge, COCl2 was formed. The conversion of CCl4 to COCl2 ranged from 2 to 12%. NO was formed in both discharges but the NO content in the gas leaving the reactors was 1.7–2.7% for the spark discharge and 0.045–0.06% for the barrier discharge. O3 was produced only in the barrier discharge and its content ranged from 0.1 to 0.2%.
4
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BIOPOLYMER COMPOSITIONS FOR ECOLOGICAL PROTECTION AND GROWTH STIMULATION OF PLANTS

76%
Niekraszewicz A., Wiśniewska-Wrona M., Kopania E., Orlikowski L., Pospieszny H., Krawczyk K.
Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives
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2012
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vol. 17
149 - 162
EN
Presented herein are investigations in the preparation of an advanced , human-and environmentfriendly plant protection composition based on selected bioactive biopolymers of the polysaccharide family. In the Institute of Biopolymers and Chemical Fibres the biopolymers were prepared and the biological activity of chitosan in the form of salt and gel and of hemicelluloses (galactoglucomannans) and of their compositions was tentatively evaluated by way of plate tests. Estimated was the impact of such preparations upon the stimulation of the germination rate of radish seeds at concentration of 0.1, 0.01 and 0.005% after 72 hours. The efficacy of the preparations was evaluated based on the number of germinated seeds in the green mass of the sprouts and their length in comparison to a reference in water at pH = 7.0. In Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland the usefulness of selected iopolymer preparations was evaluated as agents to protect decorative plants against some pathogens (on leaves, in soil) such as Phytophtora cryptogea causing decay of shoots and roots. It could be found that the biopolymer compositions applied to the soil provided a much better rooting of chrysanthemum cuttings in a Phytophtora cryptogea - infected soil. The cuttings were growing much faster and the number of infected ones was largely reduced. The usefulness of a number of chitosan formulations was also evaluated for seed pickling. It was found that the formulations exerted a distinctly positive impact upon the germination, growth and health of the seedlings. Laboratory and greenhouse testing was made in the Institute of Plant Protection, Poznań, Poland where the biological activity of some biopolymer compositions was evaluated. A first selection of the biopolymers was done based on an in vitro examination of the impact upon bacteria growth. (Gram negative - Erwinia amylovora and Gram positive Clavibacter ichiganensis ) on agar or agarose plates and upon the generation of necrotic stains on beans and tobacco caused by lucerne mosaic virus and tobacco mosaic virus respectively. It was found that the preparations with original biopolymer concentration had not affected the viruses directly but stimulated the plants’ immunity against the pathogens.
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