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The role of adenosine a2a receptors in antidepressant activity in an experimental animal model of depression

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DZIUBINA A., ZYGMUNT M., FILIPEK B., SAŁAT K., BRYŁA A., LIBROWSKI T., GDULA-ARGASIŃSKA J.
Medicina Internacia Revuo
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2017
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vol. 28
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issue 109
228-236
EN
Intensive studies on the role of adenosine A2A receptors in Parkinson’s disease have been carried out for many years,. These studies have indicated that the antagonists of these receptors not only alleviate motor deficits but also exhibit neuroprotective effects in various animal models. Little is known about the role of these receptors in ailments accompanying Parkinson’s disease, such as depression and anxiety. This paper provides a summary of existing research on the role of A2A receptors in comorbid depression in Parkinson’s disease.
2
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Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the expression of proinflammatory proteins in murine macrophages raw 264.7 cells

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Olbert M., Gryc K., SROCZYŃSKA K., ZAJĄC A., LIPKOWSKA A., LIBROWSKI T., GDULA-ARGASIŃSKA J.
Medicina Internacia Revuo
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2017
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vol. 28
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issue 109
262-265
EN
Zinc is a microelement essential for the body. It has a great impact on the proper development and renewal of tissues, reproductive system, skin condition, or immune processes. Zincis involved practically in all aspects of the immune system and the production and activation of white blood cells. This work aimed to determine the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP) on the expression of pro-inflammatory proteins in murine macrophages RAW 264.7, activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Using the immunodetection technique the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 synthase (cPGES), prostaglandin F2α receptor (FP receptor) and nuclear factor Nrf2 was determined. Statistically the highest expression of COX-2, cPGES, and FP receptor was observed in LPS-activated macrophages. RAW 264.7 cells supplementation with ZnONP 100 nmol and 500 nmol and LPS activation resulted in repression of COX-2 and cPGES, and an increased expression of Nrf2 protein when compared to control. The results suggest an anti-inflammatory effect and activation of the antioxidant system by ZnONP in RAW 264.7 macrophages. It seems appropriate to conduct further research on the molecular mechanism of action of ZnONP in eukaryotic cells.
3
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Evaluation of anti-manic activity of pregabalin in a mouse model of methylphenidate-induced mania

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MALIKOWSKA N., GRZYWA A., ŚLADOWSKA J., SAŁAT K., LIBROWSKI T., GDULA-ARGASIŃSKA J.
Medicina Internacia Revuo
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2017
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vol. 28
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issue 108
196-201
EN
Mania is a psychiatric disorder which may occur alternately with depression as a bipolar disorder, or much less often as an individual disease. It might be accompanied by other disorders, i.e. schizophrenia, dementia or withdrawal syndrome. Only a few effective drugs are used for the treatment of mania. Patients suffering from bipolar disorder are treated with mood-stabilizing drugs, administered during the course of the disease, and drugs that are implemented when mania or depression episodes occur. Some studies report effectiveness of anticonvulsant drugs in the cessation of mania, thus in our study we assessed the effectiveness of pregabalin in a mouse model of mania induced by administration of metylphenidate (5 mg/kg; s.c). Pregabalin was tested in the forced swim test (75 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg; i.p.) and the elevated plus maze test (75 mg/kg; i.p.) to assess its antidepressant-like and anxiolytic-like properties, respectively. In the elevated plus maze in MPH-treated mice pregabalin significantly reduced time spent in open arms (p<0.001 vs. MPH-treated control). In the forced swim test MPH compared to vehicle significantly (p<0.001) reduced duration of immobility. In MPH-treated mice pregabalin partially reversed this effect of MPH. This effect was significant only for the dose of 75 mg/ kg (p<0.05). In the rotarod test neither MPH, nor its combination with pregabalin (75 mg/kg; 100 mg/kg) influenced motor coordination of mice at any speed tested. To conclude our study revealed that pregabalin might reverse manic-like action of MPH related to hyperlocomotion, which may indicate for its possible effectiveness in mania episodes.
4
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ZINC, THE TRACE ELEMENT ESSENTIAL IN LIVING ORGANISMS

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SOLÉ PASCUAL A., TYSZKA-CZOCHARA M., GDULA-ARGASIŃSKA J., LIBROWSKI T., GRZYWACZ A., OPOKA W.
Medicina Internacia Revuo
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2012
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vol. 25
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issue 99
55-59
EN
Zinc is a metallic element, of symbol Zn and atomic number 30, that is placed in the group 12 of the periodic table. As an essential trace element, zinc is required to support human biochemical processes. It is found in nearly 200 specific enzymes in the living organisms, and it also serves as structural cofactor for many cellular proteins. [1] Zinc may exert pleiotropic effects in organism; for that, deficits of cellular zinc content can have catastrophic consequences and are linked to major pathophysiology, such as diabetes, stroke and malformations of brain function [2]. The complexity and importance of zinc homeostasis is reflected by the large variety and number of zinc-related proteins found in almost every cell compartment; for example, this biometal is transported through ZnT (Zn2+ transporter) family and ZIP family, proteins that are completely dedicated to zinc transport [2]. It is also noticeable, that between three and ten percent of all protein products of genes in mammalian genomes bind zinc, which is essential for their folding, activity or conformational change [2].
5
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Influence of αlpha-linolenic acid supplementation on murine macrophages RA W 264.7 activated with lipopolisaccharide

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ZAJĄC A., SROCZYŃSKA K., LIPKOWSKA A., OLBERT M., LIBROWSKI T., SAŁAT K., MALIKOWSKA N., GDULA-ARGASIŃSKA J.
Medicina Internacia Revuo
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2017
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vol. 28
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issue 108
176-181
EN
Chronic inflammation is characterized by excessive production of cytokines and eicosanoids and is associated with unsufficient resolution. Supplementation with n-3 fatty acids may result in a lower incidence of many inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of α – linolenic acid (ALA) on the fatty acids profile of cell membranes and on the pro-inflammatory proteins cyclooxygenase – 2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 synthase (cPGES) and prostaglandin F2α receptor (FP) expression in murine RAW 264.7 macrophages, activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). It has been shown that COX-2, cPGES as well as FP receptor expression was highest in cells activated by LPS. In macrophages supplemented with ALA and activated with LPS a pro-inflammatory protein levels were significantly reduced, suggesting anti-inflammatory activity of α-linolenic acid. There were also statistically significant changes in the fatty acid profile after incubation of the RAW 264.7 cells for 48 hours with ALA. A deficiency or excess of specific fatty acids affect the cellular membrane fluidity, can also cause changes in cell morphology. Therefore it is appropriate to carry out further research on the ALA properties.
6
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FATTY ACIDS PROFILE IN PHOSPHOLIPIDS OF THE ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANES IN SWIMMING RATS

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GDULA-ARGASIŃSKA J., TYSZKA-CZOCHARA M., TELEGŁÓW A., DĄBROWSKI Z., PAŚKO P., LIBROWSKI T., GAWEŁ M., OLBERT M., LIPKOWSKA A.
Medicina Internacia Revuo
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2014
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vol. 26
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issue 102
19-23
EN
Alterations in membrane lipid composition, particularly fatty acids content is known to result in functional and structural changes. Dietary lipids and physical activity or stress play an important role in this change. It was of interest to study the influence of swimming in different temperatures on the content of fatty acids in the phospholipids of the erythrocyte membranes of rats. Our research demonstrated a significant influence of swimming on the content of fatty acids in the phospholipids of the erythrocyte membranes of rats. These changes of fatty acids, particularly the decrease of arachidonic acid and significant increase of saturated fatty acids in the phospholipids of the erythrocyte membranes in swimming rats may be induced by oxygen radicals generated in different kinds of stress.
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