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1

Transepithelial transport of sodium and chloride ions in isolated skin of the frog, Rana esculenta

100%
Kosik-Bogacka D. I., Tyrakowski T.
Folia Biologica
|
2002
|
vol. 50
|
issue 3-4
107-114
EN
Isolated frog skin, mounted in a Ussing apparatus, was investigated electrophysiologically. Application of amiloride, an inhibitor of sodium ion transport, and bumetanide, known to block the transport of chloride ions, revealed the effect of these ions on PD, both under control conditions and following mechanical stimulation. Under control conditions, mechanical stimulation of the skin caused hyperpolarization, i.e. a transient increase in the electrical potential difference. Preincubation in the presence of amiloride, or amiloride plus bumetanide, brought about both a decrease in electrical potential and an inhibition of the reaction upon stimulation. On the other hand, incubation with bumetanide resulted in a decrease in electrical potential, but did not affect the skin reaction after mechanical stimulation. The above results indicate that hyperpolarization of the frog skin following mechanical stimulation is caused by enhanced transepithelial transport of sodium ions which, in turn, is induced by stimulation of sensory receptors.
2

Electrophysiological effect of ruthenium red and pH on the skin of the frog, Rana esculenta L.

100%
Kosik-Bogacka D. I., Tyrakowski T.
Folia Biologica
|
2001
|
vol. 49
|
issue 3-4
273-277
EN
Amphibian skin is a sensitive interface between the organism and the environment. Metal ions from the external environment, some of them being trace elements, act on the amphibian skin. It had been shown that stimulation of tactile receptors affected Na+ transport in the frog skin and changed the potential difference, therefore the aim of this project was to study the effect of ruthenium complex, known as ruthenium red (RR), on the ion transport in this organ in vitro under control conditions, after mechanical stimulation and also in the presence of the Na+ transport inhibitor-amiloride. Three different concentrations of RR (0.12, 1.2, and 12.0 mM) in two different pH values (6.4 and 7.4) were studied in vitro in the Ussing apparatus. The measured electrophysiological parameters were the transepithelial electrical potential difference (PD) and the changes in PD after mechanical stimulation (dPD). The gentle mechanical stimulus was a jet of bath fluid from a peristaltic pump directed on the mucosal surface of isolated frog skin. After mechanical stimulation, transient hyperpolarization invariably occurred (dPD = 1.5_0.2 mV). In the presence of RR the hyperpolarization was smaller and this diminution was concentration dependent: 0.5_0.1 mV for 1.2 mM of RR and 0.1_0.1 mV for 1.2 mM of RR. At pH 6.4 the reactions of the skins on the mechanical and chemical stimuli were smaller, in the presence of amiloride disappearing completely, but after the washing away of amiloride from the experimental organ in pH 6.4 the action of RR was stimulatory. The natural defensive reactions of frog skin related to the ion transport and electrical potential difference are affected or disappear in the presence of ruthenium complex.
3

Ion transport in the colon of rats experimentally infected with liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica)

100%
Kosik-Bogacka D. I., Kolodziejczyk L.
Folia Biologica
|
2004
|
vol. 52
|
issue 3-4
243-246
EN
The effect of liver fluke infection (Fasciola hepatica) on ion transport in the rat proximal colon was evaluated with electrophysiological methods using an Ussing apparatus. Rats were orally infected with F. hepatica metacercariae. The experimental groups of rats at 4 weeks post-infection (wpi) were in the acute stage of fasciolosis, while those at 7, 10 and 13 wpi represented the chronic phase of liver fluke infection. The control group comprised uninfected rats. The experiment consisted of recording transepithelial electrical potential difference (PD) and transepithelial electrical resistance (R) in the colon of the rats. The results revealed reduced PD levels in the colon of rats, especially during the acute phase of fasciolosis. During its chronic phase, a gradual growth in the intestinal transepithelial potential difference was found. Rat fasciolosis did not cause changes in colon sensitivity to mechanical stimulation or in the value of electrical resistance. Only at 13 wpi was resistance found to have dropped. The results have demonstrated that experimental fasciolosis leads to activation of inflammatory mediators and thus to stimulation of nerve fibres, which modifies ion transport in the epithelium of the host large intestine.
4

Effect of capsaicin and dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) on ion transport in isolated skin of frog (Rana esculenta L.)

100%
Kosik-Bogacka D. I., Tyrakowski T.
Folia Biologica
|
2003
|
vol. 51
|
issue 1-2
117-123
EN
The effects of capsaicin, dimethyl sulphoxide and pH changes on transport of sodium and/or chlorine ions in an isolated frog skin, were studied using electrophysiological methods, adapted to evaluation of ionic currents occurring in the epithelial tissues and organs. The experiment consisted in measuring potential difference (PD in mV) of an isolated skin of the aquatic frog, Rana esculenta L., placed in a Ussing apparatus. The ionic transport processes were modified through incubation of the tissue in Ringer solution and in Ringer solution supplemented with amiloride, bumetanide, and also with dimethyl sulphoxide. The direct effect of capsaicin and dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) on frog skin was assessed while these compounds were added to the Ussing chamber with a pipette and a peristaltic pump. Adaptive reactions of the tissue were assessed following at least 60-min exposure to those compounds. It has been demonstrated that amiloride-inhibited sodium ion transport and acidification of the incubation medium (pH 6.4) inhibited mechanically induced epithelium reactions. Both compounds, capsaicin and DMSO modified ionic transport processes depending on the mechanical stimulation.
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