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EN
Decrease of fungi in Europe has been fundamentally caused by decrease of appropriate habitats. The problems concerning necessity of fungi protection an d some practical difficulties are discussed in the paper. The list of species under the law protection since 1983 is given. At present the red list of threatened macromycetes is in the course of elaboration.
EN
Conservation of the plant cover in reserves is a part of a wide range of problems connected of the biosphere resources against destruction. An important role in this area should be played by botanists and ecologists. The present article provides information about initiatives — mainly international conferences — devoted to protection of plant species against extinction, and it gives a review of floristic and phytosociological studies that might contribute to better description of reserves and determination of recommendations concerning active protection of plants and plant communities.
EN
The paper contains materials of Herbarium Universitatis Lodziensis from the Umbelllferae family with the exception of Anthrlscus, Pimplnella, Heracleum species, and Anethum, Apium, Coriandrum, Foeniculum, Levlsticum, and Petrosellnum species growing wild in Poland. During revision of determinations there were introduced many corrections marked by abbreviation dt in the text. During the revision a new species for Lodz region - Ostericum palustre Bess, was found. The author omitted the localities already published, which can be found in the bibliography quoted in the paper.
EN
In the paper a variety of plant communities found on peatbogs of Bełchatów Industrial Region is presented. The author des cribes 20 plant communities of following classes: Potamogetonetea R. Tx. et Prsg. 1942, phragmitetea R. Tx. et Prsg. 1947, Scheuchze-rio-Caricetea fuscae Nordh. 1926 and Oxycocco-Sphagnetea Br.-Bl. et R. Tx. 1943.
EN
Observations on the synanthropic flora of Piotrków Trybunalski and Tomaszów Mazowiecki were performed in the years 1975—1979. Moreover, species of synanthropic plants reported earlier in the literature for this area (Kulesza 1918— 1919, Mowszowicz 1960, Sowa 1971, Warcholińska 1974 a. b; are considered. In general, 644 plant species were found on anthropogenic stands of Piotrków Trybunalski and Tomaszów Mazowiecki, from this number 578 species for Piotrków (342 species not reported hitherto) and 622 species for Tomaszów (351 species noted for the first time). Biological spectrum of the species (tab. 1) points to a small predominance of perennial species over annual ones (Piotrków 51.7%, Tomaszów 52.2%). Geographical-historical analysis demonstrated a considerable predominance of apophyles (Piotrków 60.5%>, Tomaszów 62.3% — tab. 2). Among plant species of this group, most abundant were forest and scrub species (Piotrków and Tomaszów 19.3%), meadow (Piotrków 16.9%, Tomaszów 16.3%) and aquatic species (Piotrków 11.4%, To-maszów 10.G%). Among anthropophytes (Piotrków 39.5%, Tomaszów 37.7%) most frequent are archeophytes (Piotrków 18.5%, Tomaszów 17.1%) — tab. 2. Most of anthropophytes occurring on areas of the investigated towns origin from South-Europe-Western-Asiatic regions (Piotrków 30.6%, Tomaszów 31.2%) and South-European regions (Piotrków 27.1%, Tomaszów 27.7%). Less abundant are species originating from America (Piotrków 15.6%, Tomaszów 16.4%) and from other parts of Asia (Piotrków 15.6%, Tomaszów 14.3%) — tab. 3. As far as stand preference is concerned, in both town dominate species occurring on various types of stands (Piotrków 381, Tomaszów 475) — tab. 5. Numerical values of indexes of synathropization (159), modernization (0.51) and lability (72) for Tomaszów Mazowiecki are higher in comparison with those for Piotrków Trybunalski (S = 156, M = 0.48, I = 69) and point to a higher level of technological development of the former town (tab. 4).
PL
Artykuł zawiera wyniki badań, przeprowadzonych w latach 1975—1979, nad florą synantropijną Piotrkowa Trybunalskiego (P) i Tomaszowa Mazowieckiego (T). Florę synantropijną tych miast cechuje duża różnorodność i bogactwo, co wiąże się z zróżnicowaniem siedlisk. Na terenie obu miast stwierdzono 644 gatunki, w tym 556 (86%) gatunków wspólnych. Flora synantropijna Piotrkowa Trybunalskiego liczy 578 gatunków, a Tomaszowa Mazowieckiego — 613 gatunków. Wśród roślin naczyniowych obu miast przeważają apofity (P — 60,5%, T — 62,3%).
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EN
The author gives the new localities of 468 plant species gathered during studies of forest communities in river basin of Pilica (in middle part). Special notice shuld be given to localities of species which are very rare in Central Poland. These are: Adenophora liliifolia, Cimicifuga europaea, Galium rotundifolium, Linnaea borealis, Osmunda regalis and Trifolium lupinaster.
PL
W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono listę gatunków roślin stwierdzonych w trakcie badań zbiorowisk leśnych z udziałem antropogenicznie wprowadzonej sosny nad środkową Pilicą (Kurowski 1977). Szczególne znaczenie posiadają nowe stanowiska Linnaea borealis, Adenophora liliifolia, Trifolium lupinaster, Osmunda regalis i Galium rotundifolium.
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EN
The paper contains a list of taxa of diatoms identified in samples taken from the Luciąża river in 1974 and 1979. There were determined species occuring in all the analyzed samples. Two kinds of diatoms rarely met in Polish rivers were revealed. These are: Navícula disjuncta Hust., Neidium distincte-punctatum Bust.
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EN
In samples taken fron the Magdalenow peat bog (Piotrków voivodeship) 248 taxa of diatoms were identified. Asterionella fibula (Bréb.) Bust, is a new species for the flora of Poland. Pinnularia polyonca (Bréb.) 0. Müll, is also an interesting and rare species.
PL
W próbach pobranych z torfowiska w Magdalenowie (woj. piotrkowskie) zidentyfikowano 248 taksonów okrzemek (tab. 3). Nowym gatunkiem dla flory Polski jest Asterionella fibula (Bréb.) Hust. (rys. 2). Interesującym i rzadkim gatunkiem jest Pinnularia polyonca (Bréb.) O. Müll. (rys. 3).
EN
On the basis of a network of permanent experimental fields in the forests of the Bełchatów Industrial Region (Central Poland) under construction, there has been examined the structure and dynamics of tree stands, density of trees and resources of tree stands. The experimental fields were located in 18 forest complexes in different directions and different distances from the brown coalmine, in 10 forest associations. The dendrometric - statistical method of Paczoski has been used.
EN
In Mierzyce forest range there were revealed 274 species of vascular plants. In the forest range flora, two rare species were discovered, and namely: Senecio fuchsil Gmel. and Adenophora lililfolia (L.) Bess. It is postulated that their localities should be put under protection as a natural monument encompassing remnants of old oak and pine tree-stand.
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EN
The segetal flora of the Łódź Upland includes 302 species of vascular plants and 8 species of Bryophyta. A high contribution of apophytes is typical for this flora (174 species). From among the apophytes, meadow and waterside plants (57 and 34 species, respectively) are dominating. This is due, among others, to the effect of seminatural associations on the composition of the segetal flora of this region. The group of anthropophytes includes 128 species, with a dominance of archeophytes (89 species) and a significant share of epecophytes (18 species). For the flora studied, a preponderance of short-lived species (192) and therophytes (174 species) is characteristic.
PL
W pracy podano wykaz stanowisk 310 gatunków chwastów, zanotowanych w latach 1973-1977 na siedliskach segetalnych Wzniesień Łódzkich. Poza tym przedstawiono ogólną charakterystykę flory segetalnej tego mezoregionu. Na podstawie analizy zebranego i zestawionego materiału stwierdzono zależność składu flory segetalnej omawianego obszai^i od warunków przyrodniczych, poziomu kultury rolnej i nasilenia procesów urbanizacyjnych. Na skutek wzmożonej antropopresji zaznacza się wulgaryzacja i kosmopolityzacja flory segetalnej tej części środkowej Polski.
EN
The paper contains materials on the genus Juncus elaborated on the basis of »heets collected in Herbarium Universitatis Lodzlensis. The following species are considered: Juncus alpinus VL11., J. ambigvus Gurs., J. articulatus L., J. atratus Krocker, J. bufonius L., J. bulbosus L., J. comprossus Jacq., J. conglomeratus L., J. effusus L., J. filiformis L., J. inflexua L., J. macer Gray, J. squarrosus L. and J. tenegala Ehrh.
PL
Praca zawiera materiały z rodzaju Juncus opracowane na podstawie arkuszy zielnikowych zgromadzonych w Herbarlum Vnlversitatis Lodziensis. Uwzględniono w niej następujace gatunki: Juncus alpinus V111. 10 stanowisk, J. ambiguus Gurs. - 1, J. articulatus L. - 129, J. stratus Krocker - 2, J. bufonius L. - 114, J. bulbosus L. - 15, J. compressus Jacq. - 43, J. conglomeratus L. - 19, J. effusus L. - 198, J. flliformis L. - 3, J. inflexus L. - 47, J. macer Gray - 30, J. squarrosus L. - 26, J. tenegeia Ehrh. - 1.
EN
The paper presents results of studies on the synanthropic flora of Sieradz and Zduńska Wola carried out between 1977- -1981. The Synanthropic flora of these towns is characterized by its big diversification and rich variety, which is connected with differentiation of habitats. It includes 502 species in Sieradz (S) and 426 in Zduńska Wola (ZW). Among vascular plants there prevail apothytes (61.6 per cent in Sieradz, and 61.7 per cent in Zduńska Wola).
EN
The paper contains a presentation of general characteristics of segetal flora in environs of Łowicz n\d Sklerniowico as well as a list of 259 weed varieties, which were found on arable fields and in gardens between 1976-1981. These data will constitute a reference point in the course of the planned control of. ecosystems of these areas, and also in organization of the floristic monitoring system.
EN
The paper contains materials of Herbarium Universitatis Lodziensis from the genus Carex, subgenus Psylophora Ehrh. and Vignea P. B. with the exception of Carex contiqua Hoppe, C. pairaei F. Schultz, C. Vulpina L. and C. nemorosa Rebent. During revision of determinations there were introduced corrections marked by abbreviation dt. in the text.
EN
The paper(lst part of a longer series is based on results of studies performed within the project 09.10., research subject 09.10.03.01.10: "Effeet of the excevation mine and electricity works on forest complexes of the Beichatow Industrial District - documentation floristic-phytosociological studies" supported by the Forestry Research Institute in Warsaw. On the basis of the obtained results, conclusions are made concerning the remodelling of exploited tree stands related to the drying of the territory due to the mine development and to an expected action of industrial emissions. , Detailed bryological studies undertaken on the above basis and employing the unusual ecological sensitivity of Bryophyta should bring valuable data on the intensity of environmental alterations. Moreover, the progressing drying of the territory will result in a rapid disappearance of a considerable part of hydrophilic Bryophyta.
PL
Przedstawiona praca (I część dłuższego cyklu) oparta jest na wynikach badań prowadzonych w zakresie problemu węzłowego 09.10., w temacie badawczym 09.10.03.01.10 pt. Wpływ kopalni odkrywkowej i elektrowni na kompleksy leśne Bełchatowskiego Okręgu Przemysłowego - dokumentacyjne badania florystyczno-fitosocjologiczne, finansowanym przez Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa w Warszawie. Na podstawie wyników badań formułowane będą wnioski dotyczące przebudowy drzewostanów gospodarczych, zmieniających się pod wpływem osuszania terenów wokół kopalni oraz w związku z działaniem emisji przemysłowych. Podjęte badania briologiczne, oparte na szczególnej wrażliwości ekologicznej mszaków, dostarczą cennych danych wskazujących na intensywność zmian zachodzących w siedliskach.
EN
Observations on the segetal flora of the Belcliatow Mining-Energetic District (BMED) were carried out in the years 1976—1980. 248 species of vascular plants were found on segetal stands of this district, among them 65.3% of annual species. From among 248 species of vascular plants, 154 species belonged to apophytes (62.3%) and 94 species to anthropophytes (37.7%). Among apophytes most abundant are meadow species (27.9%), species of sandy turfs and sands (21.4%), aquatic (19.5%), forest and shrub species (14.3%) and species of xerothermic turfs (11.7%). The group of anthropophytes is dominated by archeophytes (67%). The composition of the segetal flora of BMED is consitioned by natural factors and by diverse factors connected with agriculture.
PL
W pracy podano wykaz 248 gatunków chwastów, zanotowanych w latach 1976—1980 na siedliskach segetalnych Bełchatowskiego Okręgu Górniczno- Energetycznego (BOGE). Wśród roślin naczyniowych tego obszaru przeważają gatunki krótkotrwałe (65,3%) oraz apofity (62,3%).
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