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EN
North-East India is a region with many native freshwater fishes and is one of the ichthyofaunal hotspots of the world. According to the current study, a total of 197 valid species of fish has been reported from Nagaland, India, which consists of 10 orders, 26 families and 87 genera, from various lotic and lentic habitats. Family Cyprinidae consists of the highest record of 75 fish species and Osphronemidae, Gobidae, Scianenidae and Chacidae families with the lowest record of one fish species in each.
EN
The aim of this work was to study the occurrence and impact of the Philometra sp. infestation in ovaries of Mugil chephalus from two different landing centers in Tamil Nadu of southeast coast of India. The samples were collected from Parangipettai and Nagapattinam. The prevalence and mean intensity of nematode infection and description were investigated. Based on the light and SEM microscopical examination, this species differs from other Philometra sp. in morphological and biometrical measurements by type of the infected fish family and by the ecological distribution. The study reveals that maximum (77%) prevalence of parasitic infestation was observed during monsoon 2017 in Parangipettai, whereas minimum (2%) was during the postmonsoon 2018 in Nagapattinam. The higher (7) mean intensity of parasitic infestation was noted during postmonsoon 2017 in Nagapattinam, whereas minimum (2) was during premonsoon 2018 in Parangipettai. The results of the ANOVA showed that there was no significant variation found prevalence and mean intensity of parasitic infestations between the stations. But there was a significant variation found between the season in the both stations. This is the first report of Philometra sp. in the ovary of Mugil chephalus. On the basis of nematode, infestation may cause a serious damage to ovary by slurping the blood, causing atrophy of developing ova, fibrosis, increasing granulocytes and hemorrhages, thus harmfully affecting the fish reproduction and indirectly affecting the fisher men communities.
EN
Before blood constituents data can be applied as a diagnostic tool, general patterns related to sex, season and collection of fish and location need to be well documented and understood. The sex of the fish may also influence the blood parameters. In turn, the values of the different blood biochemical parameters significantly influence the physiological factors and sex of the fish. Hence, there is a need to assess before reporting the biochemical indices of the fish species. The present study was undertaken to know the difference between male and female blood biochemical parameters of the fish, Notopterus notopterus. The blood biochemical measurements included glucose, protein, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, enzymes-SGPT, SGOT and alkaline phosphatase. Furthermore, the electrolytes - sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphorous were compared with regard to sex. Moreover, the effect of sex on quantitative changes in fish blood was studied. The blood parameters between the sexes indicated that male fishes consistently had higher level of all biochemical parameters than did the female fishes, and this study may be a proposal as means of sexing fish. This indicates that the male fish is biochemically and nutritionally richer than the female; in female fish this effect may come about because much of the metabolites and nutrients are continuously being exhausted in the development of gonads (ovary). The results of this study could be used for monitoring the health and the physiological condition of the fish, Notopterus notopterus in a particular aquatic body.
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