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EN
Tumor expression of major histocompatibility complex antigen (MHC) class I and class II is not essential for the induction of memory T cells. However, induction of MHC class I-restricted effector cytotoxic T cells (CTL) appears dependent on MHC class I expression on tumors. Moreover, the effector function of tumor-specific CTL requires direct recognition of the tumor. In contrast, both the inductive and the effector phases of MHC class II-restricted T cells are independent of MHC class II expression on tumors.
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vol. 51
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issue 1
87-94
EN
Linkage and association studies suggested the relationship between alpha-adducin polymorphism (Gly460Trp; rs4961) and genetic susceptibility to salt-sensitivity. However, the currently available results were inconsistent. This study aimed to define quantitatively the association between salt-sensitivity and alpha-adducin Gly460Trp polymorphism in all published case-control studies. Publications from PubMed and other databases were retrieved. The major inclusion criteria were: (1) case-control design; (2) salt-sensitivity confirmed by sodium loading tests, and (3) the distribution of genotypes given in detail. Seven case-control studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In total they involved 820 subjects (454 salt-sensitive and 366 non-salt-sensitive). The meta-analysis shows that Gly460Trp polymorphism in general is not significantly associated with salt-sensitivity [OR (95%CI): 1.40 (0.96, 2.04), P = 0.08]. Subgroup analysis showed that the association is statistically significant in Asian people [OR (95%CI):1.33 (1.06, 1.69), P = 0.02] but not in Caucasian people [OR (95%CI):1.98 (0.57, 6.92), P = 0.28]. This indicates that blood pressure response to sodium varies between ethnical groups. More studies based on a larger population are required to evaluate further the role of ?-adducin Gly460Trp polymorphism in salt-sensitive hypertension.
EN
Thermal properties, microstructure and magnetic properties of Fe_{79}Zr_{9}B_{12}, Fe_{76}Zr_{9}B_{15}, Fe_{39.5}Co_{39.5}Zr_{9}B_{12} and Fe_{38}Co_{38}Zr_{9}B_{15} alloys were investigated by differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and vibrating sample magnetometer. High Co addition has a significant impact on the properties of alloys. High Co addition increases the main crystallization peak temperature and the crystallization activation energy. Moreover, high Co addition changes the crystallization products and influences the crystallization processes of Fe_{79}Zr_{9}B_{12} and Fe_{76}Zr_{9}B_{15} alloys. The specific saturation magnetization (M_{s}) increases and coercivity (H_{c}) decreases by high Co additions.
EN
Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) can cause significant losses of wheat worldwide. The long arm segment of Thinopyrum intermedium chromosome 7Ai#1 carrying the BYDV resistance gene Bdv2 was translocated to the distal region of the long arm of wheat chromosome 7D in translocation line Yw642. In this study, 40 wheat EST sequences located in the distal region of 7DL were explored to identify specific PCR markers for the Bdv2 region on the basis of the homoeologous relationship between wheat chromosome 7D and Th.intermedium chromosome 7Ai#1. Our results revealed 8 novel EST-PCR markers specific to the Bdv2 region, including 5 EST-STS markers of BE404744, BE498985, BE591497, BG606695 and BQ161842, and 3 EST-SSCP markers of BE404953, BG312663 and BE498985. These EST-PCR markers could distinguish Bdv2 from another BYDV-resistance gene located on Th.intermedium chromosome 2Ai-2. These specific bands for the Bdv2 region were further cloned and sequenced. The sequencing analysis indicated that the specific sequences for the Bdv2 region were highly homologous with the original wheat EST sequences that were used to design primers, and encode respectively a protein kinase, P450, centrin, transducin, and a hypothetical protein. This study created a starting point for eventual cloning of the Bdv2 gene and understanding the defense mechanism.
EN
In this work, we have studied the ultrafast dynamics of charges and spins in assemblies of magnetite (Fe₃O₄) and maghemite (γ - Fe₂O₃) nanoparticles. We demonstrate that using time-resolved magneto-optics one is able to disentangle those very similar iron oxide structures. The Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles are elaborated by hydrothermal decomposition and deposited by drop on a glass substrate. γ - Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles assemblies have been obtained by annealing the Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. Comparing time resolved transmission and Faraday rotation, our measurements show that in case of Fe₃O₄ the demagnetization occurs after the thermalization of the charges, as expected from previous works on ultrafast quenching of magnetization in ferromagnetic nanostructures. On the contrary, in the case of maghemite nanoparticles, an acceleration of the demagnetizing occurs, leading to a simultaneous charges and spins dynamics. We attribute this behavior to the rearrangement of vacancies and annealing of crystal defects in maghemite.
EN
The X-ray photoelectron emission microscopy at the Advanced Light Source has a spatial resolution of 0.2 microns at an accelerating voltage of 12 kV. The tunability of the photon energy is used to provide chemical state information using near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy on the sub-micrometer scale. The homogeneity of thin films of polymer blends was studied for various film thicknesses. The polystyrene/polyvinylmethylether film of 194 Å showed protrusions of 2-3 μm diameter with an enriched polystyrene content while the polystyrene/polystyreneacrylonitrile 504 Å thick films showed 5-6 μm segregated regions without any topological structure.
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