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To be a woman, to be a man - introduction

100%
Kosmos
|
2003
|
vol. 52
|
issue 1
3-4
2
Content available remote

Być kobietą, być mężczyzną - wstęp

100%
Kosmos
|
2003
|
vol. 52
|
issue 1
1-2
3
Content available remote

Hemispheric asymmetry in stimulus size evaluation

81%
EN
In the present study a possible hemispheric asymmetry in size evaluation was tested. Subjects were presented with geometrical Vanderplas type figures of various sizes and shapes. The stimuli were exposed in paris, for 100 ms, one after another. The subject's task was to decide (by pressing one of three buttons) whether the second stimulus was the same as, smaller or bigger than the first one. The first stimulus in each pair was exposed unilaterally (randomly in the left or right visual field), and the second in the centre of the screen. Three different interstimulus intervals (ISI) were used: 50 ms, 500 ms, and 2,000 ms. The results showed shorter reaction times for left visual field presentation than for right visual field presentation at the 50 ms and 500 ms interstimulus interval. No laterality effect occured at the 2,000 ms ISI. The results indicate a right hemisphere predominance in stimulus size evaluation. Moreover, the suggest that hemispheric asymmetry is not a stable feature of the brain but is a synamic process that may change in the course of information processing.
EN
Low-level laser therapy is a common physiotherapeutic method used to support rehabilitation of patients with peripheral nervous system diseases, including compression syndromes such as carpal tunnel syndrome. It is believed to have an analgesic, anti-inflammatory and regenerative effect on the treated area. The purpose of this study was to review the literature covering the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy in patients with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome. The analysis included reports published between 2002 and 2010 which considered a control group or a reference group. In the studies using low-level laser therapy, the groups differed in terms of the number of patients involved (from 11 to 81 participants), the age - from 26 to 78 and various degrees of carpal tunnel syndrome’s progression. The results were evaluated in relation to a mock treatment or other treatment methods. The following components have been primarily analyzed: clinical symptoms, global grip strength measured using a dynamometer and neurophysiologic parameters. Above all else, the applied low-level laser therapy led to a reduction in pain, an improvement in grip strength, and favourable changes in the terminal latency or nerve conduction velocity
EN
A series of pyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazole and α-cyanocinnamic acid derivatives have been synthesized in the reactions of Schiff bases 2–7 with selected nitriles containing an active methylene group: malononitrile 8–12, cyanoacetamide 13–16, benzyl cyanide 17–21, benzoylacetonitrile 22–24, cyanoacetate methyl ester 25–28 and benzylacetamide 29. The structures 8–29 were confirmed by the results of elementary analysis and their IR, 1H-, 13C-NMR and MS spectra. The products 8–29 of various chemical structure pyrimido[1,2-a] benzimidazole 8–12, 14–16, 17–21, 23–24, 26 and α-cyanocinnamic acid derivatives 13, 22, 25, 27, 28 were obtained, which are of interest for biological studies or which can be substrates for further synthesis. The selected compounds 10, 13, 14, 17, 19, 21, 23–25 and 28 were screened for their antiproliferative activity in vitro against neoplastic and normal cell lines. The most active two compounds were: 2-(o-bromophenylene)-3-cyano-4-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazole (24) and 3-cyano-4-phenyl-2-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1,2-dihydropyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazole (23). However, similarly like cisplatin used as the control, they showed no selectivity towards cancer cells, by inhibiting proliferation of normal mouse fibroblasts in similar manner.
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