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Wybrane czynniki wpływające na masę kostną uczniów łódzkich szkół w wieku 7–10 lat z rozpoznaną otyłością

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Łupińska A., Chlebna-Sokół D.
Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna
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2017
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vol. 13
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issue 4
514-526
EN
Introduction: Obesity may be a risk factor for mineralisation and bone structure disorders, contrary to a common belief in its protective effects on bone tissue. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between selected risk factors and obesity indicators and bone mass in obese children. Material and methods: The study included 80 children aged between 7 and 10 years with excessive body weight (60 obese and 20 overweight); the reference group included 37 children with body weight appropriate for height. All patients underwent physical examination with anthropometric measurements. Parents were asked to complete a questionnaire. The average daily intake of selected nutrients was analysed using Dieta 2 software package. Densitometry (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, DXA) was performed in all children to evaluate bone mass. Results: Obese and overweight children had statistically significantly higher total body BMD and total body BMD Z-score compared to control group. Most DXA parameters (except from volumetric bone mineral density) were positively correlated with body weight, height and waist circumference. A significant positive correlation was found between physical activity and total body BMD. There was a negative correlation between the average daily intake of proteins, carbohydrates, magnesium and phosphorus in obese children and most DXA parameters (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Bone mass in obese children is positively affected by somatic features (body weight, height, waist circumference and body composition) and physical activity, and negatively affected by increased intake of proteins, carbohydrates, phosphorus and magnesium. The calculated volumetric mineral bone density may reflect the actual bone mineral density and prevent DXA overestimation in obese children.
PL
Wstęp: Otyłość, wbrew powszechnej opinii o jej ochronnym działaniu na tkankę kostną, może stanowić czynnik ryzyka zaburzeń mineralizacji i struktury kości. Cel pracy: Celem pracy była ocena zależności między wybranymi czynnikami ryzyka i wskaźnikami otyłości a masą kostną dzieci otyłych. Materiał i metody: Badaniami objęto 80 dzieci w wieku 7–10 lat z nadmierną masą ciała (60 z otyłością, 20 z nadwagą); grupę porównawczą stanowiło 37 dzieci z masą ciała odpowiednią do wysokości. U wszystkich pacjentów przeprowadzono badanie lekarskie z pomiarami antropometrycznymi, rodzice badanych dzieci wypełniali kwestionariusz ankietowy. Średnie dobowe spożycie wybranych składników odżywczych analizowano, wykorzystując program komputerowy Dieta 2. U każdego dziecka oceniono masę kostną metodą densytometryczną (badanie densytometryczne metodą absorpcjometrii podwójnej energii promieniowania X – DXA). Wyniki: Dzieci z nadwagą i otyłością cechowały się istotnie statystycznie wyższymi wartościami BMD Total Body i BMD Total Body Z-score w odniesieniu do grupy porównawczej. Większość parametrów DXA (poza objętościową – wolumetryczną – gęstością mineralną kości) pozostawała w dodatniej korelacji z masą ciała, wysokością, obwodem talii. Zaobserwowano istotną dodatnią korelację między aktywnością fizyczną a BMD Total Body. Średnie dzienne spożycie białka, węglowodanów, magnezu i fosforu przez dzieci otyłe korelowało ujemnie (p < 0,05) z większością parametrów DXA. Wnioski: Na stan masy kostnej dzieci otyłych korzystny wpływ wywierają cechy somatyczne (masa ciała, wysokość, obwód talii i skład ciała) oraz aktywność fizyczna, natomiast nadmierne spożycie białka, węglowodanów, fosforu i magnezu oddziałuje na nią negatywnie. Wyliczona objętościowa (wolumetryczna) gęstość mineralna kości może odzwierciedlać rzeczywistą gęstość mineralną kości i zapobiegać przeszacowaniu wyniku pomiaru DXA u dzieci otyłych.
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Is it possible to predict a risk of osteoporosis in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis? A study of serum levels of bone turnover markers

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Janicka-Szczepaniak M., Orczyk K., Szymbor K., Chlebna-Sokół D., Smolewska E.
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2018
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vol. 65
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issue 2
297-302
EN
Background: Low bone mineral density is a common finding in children with systemic connective tissue diseases, including juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The influence of the ongoing process of bone remodeling on the disease course merits further investigation. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical relevance of markers of bone turnover and their potential role as predictors of higher fracture risk and, by extension, risk of osteoporosis. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from 59 patients diagnosed with JIA in order to determine serum levels of the following markers of bone turnover: Beta-Crosslaps, osteocalcin, bone alkaline phosphatase, osteoprotegerin and receptor activator for nuclear factor kappa-B ligand. The values were analyzed with laboratory parameters and results of dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results: Osteoprotegerin and bone alkaline phosphatase levels were age-dependent. Beta-Crosslaps values were significantly higher in patients with positive JADAS27 score (p=0.0410). Osteoprotegerin levels were higher in patients treated with biological agents than only with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (p=0.0273). There was no relation between markers of bone turnover and sex, DXA results, dosage of glucocorticosteroids and disease duration. Conclusions: The authors postulate performing DXA measurements every 6 months in patients with higher disease activity. The potential lower fracture risk in children with JIA within biological treatment needs further assessment. Age- and sex-adjusted reference rates of bone turnover markers need to be developed for Central European patients in order to assess individual values properly.
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Selected risk factors of fractures in children - own observation

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Jakubowska-Pietkiewicz E., Fendler W., Młynarski W., Klich I., Chlebna-Sokół D.
Open Medicine
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2012
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vol. 7
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issue 5
635-641
EN
Bone fractures may depend on Vitamin D Receptor Gene (VDR), bone mineral density, bone turnover markers. Patients and methods. 161 patients were recruited and underwent: skeletal densitometry (DXA) method and bone turnover studies (Osteocalcin and Ntx).The study group was evaluated using restriction enzyme digestion at BsmI (rs1544410), FokI (rs2228570), ApaI (rs7975232) and TaqI (rs731236), polymorphic sites of the VDR gene. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess factor significance. The model included variables with sex- and age-standardized parameters, VDR genotypes, and bone metabolism marker levels. Results. Factors associated with fractures were: osteocalcin concentration and Z-score BMDt. Odds Ratio (OR) values equaled: 1.01 (95%Confidence Interval (95%CI) 1.00–1.02) for osteocalcin (p=0.006), and 0.66 (95%CI 0.42-1.03; p=0.07) for Z-score BMDt. In patients with reduced bone mass, factors related to fractures were: osteocalcin (0.04) and carriage of BsmI b (0.07) or ApaI a alleles (0.08). ORs were 1.01 (95%CI 1.00–1.02) for OC, 0.29 (95%CI 0.07–1.14) for BsmI, and 2.13 (95%CI 0.91–4.99) for ApaI polymorphic allele carriage. Conclusions. Carriage of BsmI b allele reduces, while carriage of ApaI a allele and heightened osteoclacin level increase the risk of fractures in study children with reduced bone mass. VDR polymorphism, bone mineral density and bone formation’s marker - osteocalcin maybe considered as risk factor for fracure in children from Lodz region.
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Proteomic analysis of plasma profiles in children with recurrent bone fractures

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Rusińska A., Świątkowska M., Koziołkiewicz W., Skurzyński S., Golec J., Chlebna-Sokół D.
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2011
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vol. 58
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issue 4
553-561
EN
The aim of the study is proteomic analysis of the plasma profile in children with recurrent bone fractures. The study involved 16 children: 6 patients with recurrent low-energy fractures and normal bone mass and 10 with osteogenesis imperfecta. In the analysis of the protein profile, the two-dimensional protein electrophoresis was used (Ettan DALT II, Amersham Bioscience). The images of protein gels were compared with controls. The protein spots with changed expression were cut from the gel and the amino acid sequence was analyzed with the mass spectrometry method (Q-Tof PremierTM API MASS SPECTROMETR, Waters) for protein identification. The most prevalent protein with changed expression, with respect to controls, was haptoglobin observed in 6 patients with a severe form of osteogenesis imperfecta. Increased haptoglobin concentration in these patients was confirmed by the ELISA method. Peptides corresponding to alpha-1 acid glycoprotein and serum amyloid P-component, apolipoprotein A-I, and transthyretin were detected in one, two and three children, respectively. Conclusions: 1) The results show increased haptoglobin which may be suggestive of an inflammatory component taking part in the course of osteogenesis imperfecta. 2) Further studies to explain the possible relationship of this protein with increased bone fragility are necessary.
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