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The effect of milk consumption on bone mass density in obese and thin adult women

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Habibzadeh N.
Biomedical Human Kinetics
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2010
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vol. 2
81-84
EN
Study aim: To assess the effect of milk consumption lasting two months on BMD of obese and thin young women.Material and methods: A group of 38 untrained women (18 obese [O] - BMI>30, and 20 thin [T] - BMI<20), aged 20 - 25, years participated in the study. They were randomly assigned into BMI-matched experimental [E] or control [C] groups containing 9 obese and 10 thin subjects each. Experimental groups were given 2 glasses of milk (600 mg/day of calcium; fat content 1.5%) for 2 months, 3 days a week. At the beginning (Pre) and at the end (Post) of the study, bone mass density (BMD) at the hip and spine (L2-L4) was measured using DEXA technique, and oestrogens, calcium and phosphorus were determined in serum. Body fat content (%F) and lean body mass (LBM) were determined using the bioimpedance (BIA) technique.Results: In both experimental groups BMD significantly (p<0.05 - 0.001) increased in both areas by 4 - 7%. In the TE group, %F significantly (p<0.05) decreased by 8% and LBM significantly (p<0.001) increased by 3%. Serum calcium decreased in all groups except OC by 3 - 5% (p<0.05 - 0.01) and oestrogens markedly increased in all groups except TC.Conclusion: The data suggest that adequate milk intake (thus calcium) in adolescence is an indicator of attaining adequate bone mass density, thus preventing the risk of osteoporosis.
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The effect of music on mental and physical performance

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Habibzadeh N.
Physical Activity Review
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2015
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vol. 3
32-36
EN
Desirable sound of music has a wide range of psychological and physiological beneficial health effect among diverse population in different conditions. Research for example showed when music is selected according to its motivational qualities, the positive impact on performance (e.g., increased endurance) and psychological states (e.g., enhanced affect) are even greater, which has important implications for exercise adherence in male and female participants. On the other hand, healing sounds have always been considered in the past an important aid in medical practice, and nowadays, medicine has confirmed the efficacy of music therapy in clinical setting and in aging population. It seems healing harmony as a source of inspiration in science is an effective approach to improve quality of life in different individuals. Hence, music intervention as an easily, inexpensive, noninvasive approach to improve public health is notably recommended
3
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Effects of two-month walking exercise on bone mass density in young, thin women

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Habibzadeh N.
Biomedical Human Kinetics
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2010
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vol. 2
5-8
EN
Study aim: To examine the effects of a walking programme on the bone mass density (BMD) in sedentary, thin women aimed at preventing bone losses.Material and methods: Twenty thin (BMI<20) women aged 22.0 ± 1.5 years volunteered to participate in the study. They were randomly assigned into the exercise (n = 10) or control (n = 10) groups, those from the experimental group being submitted to a training programme lasting two months. The programme consisted of 3 walking sessions per week, 30 min each, at 50 - 75% of maximal heart rate. Anthropometric measurements, bone mass density (by DXA) at the hip and lumbar spine (L2 - L4) and oestradiol concentration in serum (by radioimmunoassay kits) in the follicular phase were made before and after the training programme. The same diet was maintained throughout the study and was monitored by 7-day recalls.Results: The walking programme induced significant increases in BMD (by 5.2% in the hip site, p<0.001, and by 7.3% in the spine, p<0.05). Significant decreases were found in calcium concentration in both groups (by about 5%) and in phosphorus concentration in the experimental group (by about 16%). In the experimental group also the relative body fat content significantly decreased (by 7.7%).Conclusion: Walking exercise practiced for two months reduced the risk of bone loss by significantly increasing bone density.
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Hypertension, metabolic equivalent task and Post – exercise hypotension

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Habibzadeh N.
|
EN
People are becoming increasingly sedentary leading to a rise in clinical conditions such as hypertension or high blood pressure that has major impact on public health concern and social care. With higher blood pressure the heart has to pump harder and the arteries have to carry blood that is flowing under greater pressure in which can lead to an increases risk of a heart attack, heart failure, stroke or kidney damages and disease. Physical activity is considered to be an antihypertensive strategy to prevent or control of high blood pressure in the form of post exercise hypotension. Post exercise hypotension emphasis to lifestyle modification rather than a sole reliance on pharmacological therapy. It has been reported for every 1 MET increase in fitness level, mortality risk decreases by 11% in people with high blood pressure. Subsequently researched indicated an optimal health benefit can be achieved through moderate dose of exercise intensity at 3–6 METs for all adult aged 18-65 year that seems to be a well-designed strategy to prevent cardiovascular problem such as high blood pressure. However, there are few national programmes to serve as models for prevention and control of hypertension and few countries have embarked on national hypertension prevention and control programmes on the exact magnitude of moderate – intensity at 3–6 METs .The application of moderate intensity exercise based on metabolic equivalent may lead to a new approach to tackle hypertension.
5
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Preventing Osteoporosis among Underweight and Obese Sedentary Young Women

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Habibzadeh N.
|
EN
Background: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of a walking program on bone mass density (BMD) among healthy obese and thin young girls./Material/Methods: Twenty untrained obese (n=10) and thin (n=10) girls, 20-25 years, volunteered to participate in this study. Before and after the training program both groups had an anthropometric measurement, a blood analysis and a BMD evaluation. Each walking session consisted of 30 minutes walking between 50-75% of maximal heart rate, 3 days per week for 2 months.Results: After the exercise program, BMD in both regions (hip (1.1%) and spine (L2- L4) (2.3%)) stabilized in both groups (p<0.05). Percent body fat, fat mass and lean mass were affected positively by exercise program (all p = 0.000). No significant change was observed in Serum estrogen calcium, phosphorus in either group (p>0.05).Conclusions: This study showed that activities such as walking provide significant loading, which positively influences BMD in young thin and obese girls. This result suggests that both thin and obese women can reduce the risk of bone loss by increasing their level of activity.
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Is Walking Exercise a Protective Factor for Osteoporosis in Young Obese Women?

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Habibzadeh N., Rahmani-Nia F., Daneshmandi H.
Journal of Human Kinetics
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2010
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vol. 25
41-47
EN
Twenty obese (BMI>30) women with an average age of 22.00 ± 1.50 years volunteered to participate in this study. They were randomly assigned to exercise (n=10) and control (n=10) groups. Before and after the training program, both groups were evaluated for anthropometric measurements and blood analysis. Bone mass density (BMD) was evaluated by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at the hip and spine (L2- L4). Each walking session was 30 min walking at 50-75% of maximal heart rate, 3 days per week, for 2 months. After 2 months, the exercise group showed no significant effect on BMD at the spine (L2- L4) and hip (p>0.05). However, there was a slightly increase in BMD at both regions, while the control group did not. Also, no change was observed in bloods factors. Percent body fat, fat mass and lean mass changes in response to training were significant in the exercise group (all p=0.000). As a result, it may be suggested that walking programs of longer duration and higher intensity can influence BMD and related factors in obese girls, however to achieve this result, more studies are needed.
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