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Mystery of orphan Open Reading Frames (ORFans)

100%

Mackiewicz P., Baczkowski K., Sobczynski, Cebrat S.

Biotechnologia

2005

issue 3

7-21

Genomics is a new field of biology. Its fast development is caused mainly by quick progress in large-scale genome sequencing and in computer technology. In spite of a huge number of sequenced microbial genomes available in databases, their taxonomical diversity is biased and reflects the interests of researches and facility of microorganisms' isolation and culture in laboratory conditions. More than 80% of genome sequencing projects are focused on the members of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. Environmental genome shotgun sequencing reveals that microbial diversity is much greater than we expected. Particular levels of genomic analysis, the problems and subjects of genomics are specified and described here.

From sequence to function ? looking for genes and their annotations

88%

Baczkowski K., Mackiewicz P., Kowalczuk M., Banaszak J., Cebrat S.

Biotechnologia

2005

issue 3

22-44

Today, we have very powerful and effective machines and methods to sequence and analyze DNA sequences. Almost every week, new genomes are added to sequence databases. However, those data are useless without additional annotations. Genes need to be found and their functions defined. Experimental work is too slow to analyze each sequence of a potential gene but computational methods facilitate such analyses. Here, we review the methodology, potential problems and constraints in genes finding and their annotation. We describe some new approaches including comparative genomics.

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2 Biotechnologia

2 2005

2 Baczkowski K.

2 Cebrat S.

2 Mackiewicz P.

1 Banaszak J.

1 Kowalczuk M.

1 Sobczynski

Search results

Mystery of orphan Open Reading Frames (ORFans)

From sequence to function ? looking for genes and their annotations