A nucleopolyhedrovirus was isolated and characterized for the first time from Leucoma salicis L. (Lepidoptera, Lymantriidae) in Turkey. The virus was observed in populations of L. salicis in G?m??hane. The dimensions of the polyhedrae fell between 2.08'0.31 (1.51-2.64) Fm (N=50). Virions contain 2 to 15 nucleocapsids per virion as seen in cross-section of polyhedrae. The sizes of the viral particles ranged between 250-290 x 32-40 nm. The virus was determined as a Turkish isolate of Leucoma salicis nucleopolyhedrovirus (LesaNPV-TR).
Fabrication and characterization of highly efficient organic light-emitting diode with surface modification of indium tin oxide anodes by using self-assembled monolayer technique have been studied. Four different self-assembled molecules, K-28 ruthenium complex, octadecylamine hydrochloride, octadecyltrichlorosilane and mercaptohexdecanoic acid are used to modify ITO surface to improve the interface properties. Space charge limited currents measurements have been used to evaluate carrier mobility under steady state current. The results show that the surface properties such as the stability of ITO anode layer have significant effects on charge injection in organic light-emitting diode devices.
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