Using Lanczos exact diagonalization of finite clusters we demonstrate that the spin-orbital d^1 model for triply degenerate t_{2g} orbitals on a triangular lattice provides an example of a spin-orbital liquid ground state. We also show that the spin-orbital liquid involves entangled valence bond states which violate the Goodenough-Kanamori rules, and modify effective spin exchange constants.
The electron energy spectra correlated to the strong-field double-ionization of xenon are presented at three laser intensities. The double-ionization electrons are on average more energetic than those generated from single-ionization. This difference in energy is not manifested as a simple scaling to higher electron energies, but rather as a change in the shape of the spectra. This trend is observed at all intensities. Most notably, the comparison between single- and double-ionization spectra is very similar at low and high peak laser intensities. This could imply that a sequential double-ionization process dominates at all intensities, even where the double ion yield is enhanced.
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