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Urazy zawodników drużyn młodzieżowych wybranych dyscyplin sportu

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Domaradzki J., Chmielewski S., Koźlenia D.
Polish Journal of Sports Medicine
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2019
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vol. 35(2)
115-124
EN
Background. Purpose of the study was to determine the degree of frequently of injuries in four sports-team games and determine the relationship between the disciplines and the type and prevalence of the most common injuries, as well as their similarities in this, in a multidimensional approach. Material and methods. The research was conducted in the year 2017, in sports clubs on the territory of the Lower Silesia region. Research group accounted for 125 male athletes aged between 15 and 18 years of age (Cadet-junior) with an average of 16.27 years. They represented 4 sports. 22 athletes with American football, 30 athletes football, 49 players handball and 24 volleyball athletes. The analysis uses survey data on the history of injuries related to cultivated discipline related to the circumstances, the part of the body and type of injury. Results. The vast majority of the surveyed 81.60% had an injury as a result of practicing chosen sport. The most common injuries suffered footballers, 96.66%, the least volleyball players 54.55%. The most common injuries are the limbs, especially low limb-70.40% of all identified injuries. The most common type of injury is breaking 54.40%. Overall, a little less injuries to the affected muscle damage (break, sprain) 52% Conclusions. Practice of the presented sports team involves a risk of injury. Most of the injuries are exposed footballers, and the least volleyball players. Injuries most often apply to the lower limbs, with most of the bruises and muscle injuries. Calls for a search for preventive solutions to protect players from injuries.
PL
Wstęp. Celem badań było określenie częstości urazów czterech dyscyplin sportowych – gier zespołowych oraz określenia powiązań między poszczególnymi dyscyplinami, a rodzajem i miejscem występowania najczęstszych urazów, a także ich podobieństw pod tym, w ujęciu wielowymiarowym. Materiał i metody. Badania przeprowadzono w 2017 roku, w klubach sportowych funkcjonujących na terenie województwa dolnośląskiego. Grupę badawczą stanowiło 125 zawodników płci męskiej w wieku między 15 a 18 rokiem życia (kadet-junior) ze średnią 16,27 lat. Reprezentowali oni 4 dyscypliny sportowe. 22 zawodników uprawiających football amerykański, 30 zawodników uprawiających piłkę nożną, 49 zawodników piłkę ręczną oraz 24 zawodników uprawiających piłkę siatkową. Do analizy wykorzystano dane ankietowe dotyczące urazów związanych z uprawianą dyscypliną sportu. Wyniki. Zdecydowana większość badanych 81,60% odniosła uraz w wyniku uprawiania wybranej dyscypliny sportu. Najczęściej urazy odnosili piłkarze nożni, 96,66%, najrzadziej siatkarze 54,55%. Najczęściej urazom ulegają kończyny, szczególnie kończyna dolna - 70,40% wszystkich stwierdzonych urazów. Najczęstszym rodzajem urazu jest stłuczenie 54,40%. Ogółem, niewiele mniej urazów dotyczy uszkodzenia mięśni - 52%. Wnioski. Uprawianie przedstawionych sportowych gier zespołowych wiąże się z ryzykiem wystąpienia urazu. Najbardziej na uraz narażeni są piłkarze nożni, a najmniej siatkarze. Urazy najczęściej dotyczą kończyn dolnych, z czego większość to stłuczenia i urazy mięśniowe. Postuluje się poszukiwanie rozwiązań prewencyjnych chroniących zawodników przed urazami.
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Physical activity of the adult population of Wroclaw

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Ignasiak Z., Sławińska T., Krynicka-Pieleszek I., Domaradzki J.
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2009
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vol. 17
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issue 2
33-37
PL
Aktywność fizyczna jest jednym z czynników wpływających na zdrowie i jakość życia. W pracy analizowano aktywność fizyczną dorosłej populacji Wrocławia: 299 kobiet i 206 mężczyzn w wieku 25-64 lat. Oceniano ją kwestionariuszem SDPAR. Wykazano, że odsetek kobiet i mężczyzn deklarujących aktywny tryb życia w czasie wolnym wynosi nieco powyżej 63%. Najwięcej osób podejmuje trening zdrowotny 2-3 razy w tygodniu. Najczęściej podawanymi przez respondentów przyczynami hipokinezji są brak wolnego czasu oraz zły stan zdrowia. Wśród osób nieaktywnych około 20% nie widzi potrzeby realizowania treningu zdrowotnego, co jest zjawiskiem niepokojącym.
EN
Physical activity is one of the factors affecting health and the quality of life. This study analyzed physical activity of a sample of the adult population of Wroclaw: 299 women and 206 men aged 25-64 years. Physical activity was assessed by means of SDPAR questionnaire (Seven-Day Physical Activity Recall). Thefindings showed that 63% of the examined population declared physical activity in leisure time. Majority of the population practice physical activity 2-3 times a week. The most frequent causes of hypokinesia reported by the respondents were lack of free time and bad health condition. Among the inactive respondents, around 20% sees no need for physical activity, which is an alarming trend.
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Evaluation of fitness of elderly women by means of Fullerton Test

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Ignasiak Z., Kaczorowska A., Katan A., Domaradzki J.
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2009
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vol. 17
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issue 2
48-52
PL
Wzrost odsetka osób w ostatnich latach, które przekroczyły 60. rok życia spowodował zwiększone zainteresowanie środowisk naukowych problemami ludzi starszych. Najczęściej oceniana jest jakość życia, stan zdrowotny, styl życia i żywienie oraz warunki społeczno-bytowe. Autorzy wskazują, że pozytywne zachowania prozdrowotne osób starszych sprzyjają korzystniejszej jakości życia. Celem pracy jest ocena sprawności ruchowej kobiet-seniorek reprezentujących odmienne środowiska bytowe. Materiał i metody badań: badaniami objęto kobiety miejskie powyżej 60. roku życia, mieszkanki domów pomocy społecznej oraz ich rówieśniczki uczestniczące w leczeniu sanatoryjnym. Do oceny sprawności ruchowej wykorzystano test Fullertona. Test ten pozwala ocenić podstawową, codzienną sprawność ruchową i spełnia istotny warunek - zapewnia bezpieczeństwo badanej osoby w trakcie wykonywania zadania ruchowego. Badania wskazują, że warunki socjalno-bytowe różnicują sprawność ruchową badanych kobiet na korzyść nie mieszkających w domach pomocy społecznej.
EN
The percentage of people 60 year-olds has been constantly increasing in recent decades, as a result of improvement of living conditions. This situation has generated a lot of research on the problems of the aging. Majority of the studies concerns the quality of life, health condition, lifestyle, nutrition and social or living standards. The authors have indicates that promotion of healthy lifestyle among the elderly helps improve their quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess fitness of a group of senior women representing various living environments. Material and method: the tests were conducted on a group of city dwelling women aged over 60 years, living in old age homes or receiving sanatorium treatment. Fitness was assessed by means of Fullerton test. This test allows evaluating the basic, everyday motor ability and fulfils one important condition - it ensures safety of the tested person while performing the task.
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Somatic and functional status of boys from various social and environmental categories

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Domaradzki J., Ignasiak Z., Sławińska T.
Biomedical Human Kinetics
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2009
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vol. 1
56-59
EN
Study aim: To assess the somatic and fitness status of adolescent boys from polluted industrial areas.Material and methods: A group of 313 boys aged 11 - 15 years from 5 villages located in the copper mine area in South-Western Poland were classified by the degree of lead and cadmium pollution (high - very high) and by parents' education (primary - secondary or higher). Somatic (body height and mass, BMI, body fat content) and functional (handgrip strength, standing broad jump, sit-and-reach, plate tapping, 1-kg medicinal ball throw, reaction time) were recorded. The data were standardised against age-specific means and standard deviations and subjected to two-way ANOVA.Results: Boys from more polluted area had significantly (p<0.01) higher BMI than those from the less polluted one but only when their parents had primary education. Explosive strength was significantly higher in the less polluted area (p<0.05) and when parents had higher than primary education (p<0.01). In case of reaction speed only the degree of environmental pollution had significant effect (p<0.05), no significant effects being noted for other variablesConclusions: The results pointed to the importance of parents' education in shaping health-directed behaviours, which may compensate for the negative impact of a degraded environment.
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Sex Differences in Growth and Performance of Track and Field Athletes 11-15 Years

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Malina R., Sławinska T., Ignasiak Z., Rożek K., Kochan K., Domaradzki J., Fugiel J.
Journal of Human Kinetics
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2010
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vol. 24
79-85
EN
Objective: To evaluate sex differences in functional performances of youth track and field athletes.Methods: Four tests of functional capacity were administered to 309 youth 11-15 years training for track and field at sport schools, 136 boys and 173 girls. Grip strength, standing long jump, 2 kg medicine ball throw and 20 m sprint were measured; height, weight and adiposity were also. Two age groups were compared, 11-13 and 14-15 years. ANCOVA was used to test sex differences by age group in the total sample (disciplines combined) and specific disciplines; age, height and weight were covariates.Results: For the total sample, males in both age groups performed better than females in the four tests but sex differences were greater among 14-15 year olds. Within disciplines, sex differences among sprinters and middle distance and distance runners were greater at 14-15 years. Results varied for general athletics; the magnitude of sex differences was similar for strength in both age groups, greater for the throw at 11-13 years and greater for the jump and sprint at 14-15 years.Conclusion: Although sex differences in performance were apparent among athletes 11-13 years, they were greater among athletes 14-15 years, reflecting to a large extent the male adolescent spurt in body size, muscle mass, strength and power. Sex differences were more established in sprinters and middle distance and distance runners, and more variable in participants in general athletics.
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Growth, Maturity and Functional Characteristics of Female Athletes 11 - 15 Years of Age

76%
Malina R., Ignasiak Z., Rożek K., Sławińska T., Domaradzki J., Fugiel J., Kochan K.
Human Movement
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2011
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vol. 12
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issue 1
31-40
EN
Objective. To evaluate the growth, maturity and functional characteristics of female sport school participants 11 - 15 years of age. Material and methods. The sample included 200 girls aged from 10.55 to 15.42 years. The majority (173) trained in track and field. Height, weight, three skinfolds and % Fat (NIR) were measured. Grip strength, standing long jump, 2 kg medicine ball throw and 20 m sprint were tested. Athletes were compared by menarcheal status and track and field discipline with MANCOVA. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to estimate the relative contributions of age, height, weight and adiposity to the four functional indicators in two age groups, 11 - 13 years and 14 - 15 years. Results. Median age at menarche was 12.99 ± 1.11 years. None of the functional tests differed between pre- and post-menarcheal athletes 13 years, while only grip strength differed between late and early maturing athletes 14 - 15 years. Height, weight and % Fat, but no performance items differed among track and field athletes by discipline. Team and individual sport athletes were heavier, fatter and stronger than track and field athletes but the latter performed better in the sprint and jump. Height, weight and adiposity accounted for significant portions of variation in the four functional indicators in each age group. Conclusions. Trends in body size of female athletes attending sport schools were generally consistent with observations for female athletes in several sports. Percentages of variance explained in functional indicators were greater in athletes 11 - 13 than 14 - 15 years of age.
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Optical and electrical properties of nanocrystalline TiO2:Pd semiconducting oxides

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Sieradzka K., Kaczmarek D., Domaradzki J., Prociów E., Mazur M., Górnicka B.
Open Physics
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2011
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vol. 9
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issue 2
313-318
EN
Electrical and optical properties of TiO2:Pd thin films deposited from Ti-Pd mosaic targets sputtered in reactive oxygen plasma have been studied. The properties were investigated for thin films with the Pd amount of 5.5 at. %, 8.4 at. % and 23 at. %. Based on resistivity measurements a drop from 103 down to almost 10−3Ωcm has been recorded when the Pd amount was varied from 5.5 at. % to 23 at. %, respectively. Moreover, it was shown that doping with different amounts of Pd results in the possibility of obtaining both types of electrical conduction: n-type for the TiO2 with 5.5 at. % and 8.4 at. % of Pd and p-type for the TiO2 with 23 at. % of Pd thin films. From optical measurements it has been found that as the Pd amount was increased the transmission through the thin films was reduced and position of the fundamental absorption edge was shifted toward a longer wavelength range of up to 600 nm. The optical band gap was calculated for direct and indirect transitions from optical absorption spectra. Structural properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The XRD patterns displayed occurrence of the crystalline, TiO2-rutile for lower Pd amounts (5.5 at. %, 8.4 at. %), while the TiO2:Pd (23 at. %) thin films displayed XRD-amorphous behaviour. Images obtained from AFM displayed dense, nanocrystalline structure with homogenous distribution of crystallites. Additionally performed secondary ion mass spectroscopy investigation confirmed homogenous distribution of Pd in the whole thickness of the prepared thin films.
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Influence of the structural and surface properties on photocatalytic activity of TiO2:Nd thin films

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Wojcieszak D., Mazur M., Kaczmarek D., Morgiel J., Poniedziałek A., Domaradzki J., Czeczot A.
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EN
Titanium dioxide thin films doped with the same amount of neodymium were prepared using two different magnetron sputtering methods. Thin films of anatase structure were deposited with the aid of Low Pressure Hot Target Magnetron Sputtering, while rutile coatings were manufactured using High Energy Reactive Magnetron Sputtering process. The thin films composition was determined by energy dispersive spectroscopy and the amount of the dopant was equal to 1 at. %. Structural properties were evaluated using transmission electron microscopy and revealed that anatase films had fibrous structure, while rutile had densely packed columnar structure. Atomic force microscopy investigations showed that the surface of both films was homogenous and consisted of nanocrystalline grains. Photocatalytic activity was assessed based on the phenol decomposition. Results showed that both thin films were photocatalytically active, however coating with anatase phase decomposed higher amount of phenol. The transparency of both thin films was high and equal to ca. 80% in the visible wavelength range. The photoluminescence intensity was much higher in case of the coating with rutile structure.
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Growth and Functional Characteristics of Male Athletes 11-15 Years of Age

76%
Malina R., Rożek K., Ignasiak Z., Sławińska T., Fugiel J., Kochan K., Domaradzki J.
Human Movement
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2011
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vol. 12
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issue 2
180-187
EN
Purpose. To evaluate the growth and functional characteristics of male athletes 11-15 years of age. Basic procedures. The sample included 190 boys, 10.5-15.4 years, undergoing training of sport schools for track and field (136) and other sports (54). Height, weight, three skinfolds and % Fat (NIR) were measured. Grip strength, standing long jump, 2 kg medicine ball throw and 20 m sprint were tested. Track and field athletes were compared by discipline and to athletes in other sports using MANCOVA (multivariate analysis of covariance). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to estimate the relative contributions of age, body size and adiposity to the four functional indicators in two age groups, those 11-13 years and 14-15 years. Main findings. All variables except the standing long jump and 20 m sprint differed significantly by track and field discipline. Only height and ball throw differed among athletes in other sports. Track and field athletes had a significantly lower BMI and % Fat and performed better in the jump and sprint than athletes in other sports. Variance explained in each of the functional indicators was greater in younger than in older athletes. The sum of skinfolds and % Fat exerted a negative influence on all functional indicators. Conclusions. Trends in body size of male athletes attending sport schools were consistent with observations for youth male athletes in several sports. Height, weight and adiposity accounted for significant portions of variation in the four functional indicators in each age group, but the explained variance was higher in younger athletes.
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Photocatalytic properties of transparent TiO2 coatings doped with neodymium

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Wojcieszak D., Kaczmarek D., Domaradzki J., Mazur M., Morawski A. W., Janus M., Prociów E., Gemmellaro P.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2012
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vol. 14
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issue 3
1-7
EN
In this work photocatalytic properties of TiO2 thin fi lms doped with 8.51 at. % of Nd were described. The self-cleaning phenomenon of thin fi lms was discussed together with the structural, optical and surface properties of prepared thin fi lms. Transparent coatings based on titanium dioxide were manufactured by high-energy reactive magnetron sputtering process. Incorporation of Nd during sputtering process results in amorphous behavior, without a signifi cant infl uence on transparency and colour as compared to the undoped TiO2-rutile matrix. Nevertheless, doping with neodymium doubles the photocatalytic activity of the matrix due to higher quantity of photo-generated charge carriers and more effi cient mechanism of energy transfer.
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