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Posterior parietal cortex and developmental dyslexia

100%
Jaskowski P., Rusiak P.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2005
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vol. 65
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issue 1
79-94
EN
Dyslexia is defined as a specific reading disorder despite normal intelligence and conventional teaching. One of the most influential theories attempting to explain problems suffered by dyslexics assumes that dyslexia is caused by deficits of the magnocellular system. This system, generally responsible for processing fast sensory information, projects mostly to the parietal cortex. Consistent with this theory, dyslexics should have problems with tasks which specifically involve parietal cortex. In the article, we review data and show that, indeed, dyslexics have problems with fast attention shifts, show some symptoms of mild unilateral neglect syndrome and have abnormal saccadic and pursuit eye movements. Little is known about visuo-motor coordination and mental rotation, the tasks in which the parietal cortex is thought to play important roles.
2
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On the role of mask structure in subliminal priming

100%
Jaskowski P., Przekoracka-Krawczyk A.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2005
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vol. 65
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issue 3
409-417
EN
Choice reaction times to visual stimuli may be influenced by preceding subliminal stimuli (primes). Some authors reported a straight priming effect i.e., responses were faster when primes and targets called for the same response than when they called for different responses. Other authors found a reversed pattern of results. Our results suggest that the sign of the priming effect depends on mask structure. Inverse priming was obtained only for masks containing the searched-for feature even though informational content of the masks was neutral. With masks of irrelevant structure, straight priming effects were found. Thus, masks are not passive stimuli whose roles are limited to rendering the prime invisible. Processing of the mask may interact with prime and target processing. Implications of the results are discussed for two hypotheses trying to account for straight and inverse priming (the self-inhibition hypothesis and object-updating hypothesis).
3
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Model of construction subcontractors selection with time windows for their availability

85%
Biruk S., Jaskowski P., Krzemiński M., Biruk S., Jaskowski P., Krzemiński M.
Archives of Civil Engineering
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2019
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vol. 65
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issue 4
4
Content available remote

Facing facts: Neuronal mechanisms of face perception

81%
Dekowska M., Kuniecki M., Jaskowski P.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2008
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vol. 68
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issue 2
229-252
EN
The face is one of the most important stimuli carrying social meaning. Thanks to the fast analysis of faces, we are able to judge physical attractiveness and features of their owners' personality, intentions, and mood. From one's facial expression we can gain information about danger present in the environment. It is obvious that the ability to process efficiently one's face is crucial for survival. Therefore, it seems natural that in the human brain there exist structures specialized for face processing. In this article, we present recent findings from studies on the neuronal mechanisms of face perception and recognition in the light of current theoretical models. Results from brain imaging (fMRI, PET) and electrophysiology (ERP, MEG) show that in face perception particular regions (i.e. FFA, STS, IOA, AMTG, prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortex) are involved. These results are confirmed by behavioral data and clinical observations as well as by animal studies. The developmental findings reviewed in this article lead us to suppose that the ability to analyze face-like stimuli is hard-wired and improves during development. Still, experience with faces is not sufficient for an individual to become an expert in face perception. This thesis is supported by the investigation of individuals with developmental disabilities, especially with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD).
5
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On the translation of some stimulus features to response force

81%
Jaskowski P., Werner I., Verleger R.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2003
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vol. 63
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issue 4
327-335
EN
Romaigucre et al. (1993) reported an stimulus-response (S-R) experiment in which the participants had to respond to bright or dim stimuli by pressing a key strongly or weakly. Reaction time (RT) for a compatible S-R assignment (bright-strong; dim-weak) was substantially shorter than for an incompatible S-R assignment (dim-strong; bright-weak). This effect was explained as a direct translation of stimulus intensity to response force (RF). In the present study, we looked for other stimulus features that could be directly transferred to RF. We investigated stimulus size (large/small), vertical location (above/below), and brightness (bright/dim). Delays of RT for incompatible trials were found in case of brightness and size, but not location. In a second experiment, we tested whether such a direct translation might even cause changes of spontaneous RF. Without being instructed about RF, participants made simple reactions to stimuli which differed either in location, size or brightness. Indeed, stimulus size affected RF: larger stimuli were associated with stronger responses. In contrast, brightness had no effect. Thus, we replicated and extended Romaigucre et al.?s (1993) finding. However, the direct-translation account for RF variations received only partial support from our data.
6
Content available remote

The effect of stimulus intensity on force output in simple reaction time task in humans

81%
Jaskowski P., Rybarczyk K., Jaroszyk F., Lemanski D.
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EN
The force needed to press the key in a simple reaction time task was measured as a function of stimulus intensity for visual and auditory stimuli in the three experiments using a total 45 male and female human objects.Intensity ranged from 0.316 to 1995 cd/sq.m for visual stimuli and from ranged from 47 to 102 dB for auditory stimuli.We found, an in agreement with Angel's original study, that for auditory stimuli higher intensity is accompanied by a larger force.Suprisingly, in the case of visual stimuli the intensity does not influence the force.These findings are explained by the assumption that the changes of force reflect the changes of unspecific activation level evoked by immediate arousal.Thus, the different behaviour of force for these two modalities is in agreement with the common view that loud auditory stimuli are arousing while intense visual ones are not.
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