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Zabytkowe artefakty wykonane z meteorytów i tektytów

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Kotowiecki A.
Acta Societatis Metheoriticae Polonorum
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2021
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vol. 12
73-80
EN
This article complements the previous publication included in the materials for the 2nd Meteorite Seminar in Olsztyn in 2003 and also in 2004 in Meteoritics & Planetary Science with artifacts about which I did not write then and new discoveries. In recent time, archaeologists have discovered more confirmed artifacts that were made of meteorites. Scientists were puzzled that iron objects were found among the artifacts of the Bronze Age. Initially, it was assumed that these were the beginnings of metallurgy, but after careful research, it turned out that they are cold-forged items and the metal is of cosmic origin. How many more interesting and unusual old artifacts made by human hands from materials obtained from outer space will be discovered. Can there be more such artifacts in museums in Poland? It seems to me that a comprehensive inventory and research action should be carried out to verify this. Finally, as a lawyer, I can add that artifacts made of meteorites are the only meteorites in the world protected by law in one hundred percent, because they are monuments of world material culture.
2

Tektyty i szkliwo impaktowe w świetle badań i odkryć archeologicznych na świecie

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Kotowiecki A.
Acta Societatis Metheoriticae Polonorum
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2022
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vol. 13
60-66
EN
It should be emphasized that the tektites have been permanently linked in many regions of the Earth with the history of mankind. One of the oldest finds is the Vltavite amulet, which was found in a Cro-Magnon settlement, that is 29,000 years ago. Prehistoric tools made of tektites are found at various archaeological sites around the world. Wherever there are tektites, man has used them in various ways: as tools, objects of worship, magic objects or healing objects. They also appear in many legends as magic stones, e.g. in China in the 10th century AD, tektites were collected as “stones of the god of thunder”. Some shamans believe that they have the power to transmit and receive messages over long distances and that they have properties that protect against disease. Aborigines in Australia believed that they had enormous power in rites of raining down and that they were also remedies for many ailments. In fact, tektites have always been associated with magic, highly appreciated by people and they are still enjoys great interest among scientists all over the world. The above conclusions can be reached by analyzing many discoveries and scientific research in the areas of tektite occurrence.
3
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Najstarsze dowody archeologiczne i relacje tekstowe o różnych spadkach skał z kosmosu w najstarszej historii ludzkości

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Kotowiecki A.
Acta Societatis Metheoriticae Polonorum
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2023
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vol. 14
86-92
EN
The oldest evidence and records of catastrophic falls of large space rocks are undoubtedly impact craters that are studied by geologists. However, in historical times, i.e. the times of the emergence and development of human cultures, there are also records discovered by the latest geological but also archaeological research. Among the most spectacular are the discoveries of Chinese archaeologists. They link the invention of stone tools made on both sides (including fists and hatchets) almost 800,000 years ago in the area of the Bose Valley in Guangxi in southern China with the decline of tektites in the Middle Paleolithic. With the development and invention of writing, they are also reflected in sculptures, written texts, poems, notes and chronicles. Scientists believe that rock-carved symbols found in the world’s oldest temple, Göbekli Tepe in southern Turkey, dated to over 10,000 BC, are evidence that a comet caused the Little Ice Age. Also worth mentioning is the Epic of Gilgamesh, which is probably the oldest written story on Earth. Originally from ancient Sumeria, it was written in cuneiform on 12 clay tablets. It follows the adventures of the historical king of Uruk, somewhere between 2750 and 2500 BC. According to the translated text of the recently discovered new cuneiform tablets, on the so-called In the first Tablet, there is a record of a large meteorite that fell to the ground. However, the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah described in the Bible, as recent research has shown, is also the result of a cosmic body that fell in this region of Jordan.
4
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Pierwszy tektyt z Wysp Andamańskich (Wyspa Havelock)

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Szopa K., Kotowiecki A.
Acta Societatis Metheoriticae Polonorum
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2021
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vol. 12
92-97
EN
A tektite is a rare natural glass that forms when an extra-terrestrial body struck the Earth. Tektites can be found in at least five widely separated locations on Earth, which are called strewn fields. There are four known strewn fields: the 35.5 Ma North American strewn field (linked to the Chesapeake crater, North America), the 14.4 Ma Central European strewn field (linked to the Ries crater in Germany), the Ivory Coast strewn field of unknown age (linked to the Bosumtwi crater in Ghana, West Africa), and the 0.8 Ma Australasian strewn field (source crater still unknown, although a large crater in Western Cambodia, Lake Tonle Sap, has been proposed). The last strewn field is known for the distribution of the biggest tektite group (i.e., philippinites, billitonites, javanites, indochinites). A tektite on Havelock Island in India, has also been recently identified. This is the first tektite reported from the Andaman and Nicobar islands. This tektite is composed of indochinite, having a typical dark colour and diagnostic chemical composition. Morphologically, a lack of cracks and abraded edges, both indicate short transport and rapid shallow burial.
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Cieszyn – nowy polski meteoryt

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Karwowski Ł., Kotowiecki A.
Acta Societatis Metheoriticae Polonorum
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2009
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vol. 1
48-51
EN
On 21 of July 2001, small fragment of metal has been found on side walk, near branch of Silesian University in Cieszyn, by Ms. Małgorzata Kotowiecki. After a few years, the metallic fragment was carefully study. The investigation show that the metallic element has meteoritic origin. The mineral composition of the meteorite (kamacite, taenite, tetraenite, troilite, daubreelite) classify it as an iron meteorite and the most probably is representative of octahedrite. The meteorite has features of shock metamorphism and represent very old fall. It could be supposed that the meteorite has been transported to the destination place, together with gravel.
6
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Pomiary izotopów gamma promieniotwórczych w trynitytach

33%
Tymiński Z., Burakowska A., Tymińska K., Kołakowska E., Saganowski P., Ziemek T., Dziel T., Kotowiecki A.
Acta Societatis Metheoriticae Polonorum
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2018
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vol. 9
150-157
EN
Trynitite is a material in form of a glass created as a result of a nuclear explosion close to ground. The mechanism of its formation is similar to the formation of impact glasses and tektites, although the material usually contains trapped bubble voids, much more water and it is radioactive. High resolution non-destructive gamma spectrometry technique was used to measure rdionuclides in the chips of trinitities. The signals were detected for 137Cs, 152Eu, 226Ra, 241Am and 133Ba. The most extreme concentration was found for cesium 137Cs which the specific activity reached the level of 2317 mBq/g. Much lower values were obtained for 241Am – 722 mBq/g, 152Eu – 211 mBq/g, 226Ra – 451 mBq/g and 133Ba – 94 mBq/g.
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