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1
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Hydrothermal Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite on Titanium after Anodic Oxidation

100%
Strzała A., Simka W., Marszałek M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2012
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vol. 121
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issue 2
561-564
EN
Hydrothermal synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HA) is a method which is relatively easy to apply and enables HA precipitation on substrates of various shapes, which is vital to endoprostheses fabrication. Anodic oxidation facilitates HA precipitation, making the coating thicker and more uniform. In this paper the influence of anodic oxidation of titanium substrates on HA precipitation in hydrothermal synthesis is discussed. To determine chemical composition and coating uniformity of anodised and polished Ti substrates the Raman microspectroscopy was employed. The composition was also confirmed using X-ray diffraction method. HA coatings on Ti after anodic oxidation exhibit higher uniformity in comparison to untreated Ti. The X-ray diffraction patterns showed that the HA coating was partly amorphous. Also influence of additional treatment (soaking in NaOH and/or HBSS) after anodic oxidation is discussed in the present paper. It seems that pretreatment may be favourable in some cases, but if the anodic oxidation was conducted in the presence of calcium phosphates the pretreatment seems to prevent the HA precipitation.
2
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Study of the Thermoluminescence of CVD Diamond

100%
Karczmarska A., Mitura-Nowak M., Nowak T., Marszałek M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2012
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vol. 121
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issue 2
510-513
EN
This work reports some thermoluminescent properties of chemical vapour deposition diamond film grown by 5 kW microwave assisted plasma chemical vapour deposition. The 2" diamond sample with the thickness of 32 μm was exposed to gamma radiation in the dose range 0.6-55 Gy. The thermoluminescent glow curve of diamond sample displayed a peak with the maximum centered at 240°C. The linearity of the detector response in the range of 10-55 Gy was observed. The bleaching effect, seen as fading of the thermoluminescent signal when the device was exposed to light in the visible range, was also noticed. Two-dimensional dose distribution was measured using 2D thermoluminescent reader equipped with a sensitive 640 × 480 pixels charge coupled device camera. The surface morphology of the diamond film was observed with scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope. The grain size was estimated as about 15 μm. The Raman spectroscopy was used to characterize phase purity. The width and position of the diamond Raman band around 1332 cm^{-1} indicated that the coating is crystalline and of good quality. It is concluded that good quality chemical vapour deposition diamond coating could be promising material for thermoluminescent dosimetry.
3
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Immunohistochemical characterization of the jugular (superior vagal) ganglion in the pig

100%
Sienkiewicz W., Dudek A., Zacharko-Siembida A., Marszałek M.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
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2017
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issue 2
4
Content available remote

Perturbed γ-γ Angular Correlation Studies of Isostructural Ag_{5}Zn_{8} and Ag_{5}Cd_{8} Intermetallic Compounds

100%
Wodniecki P., Wodniecka B., Marszałek M., Hrynkiewicz Α. Z.
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EN
Perturbed γ-γ angular correlation spectroscopy was applied to study hyperfine interaction parameters for ^{111}In probes in intermetallic compounds of D8_{2} structure. The perturbed γ-γ angular correlation spectra measured in Ag_{5}Zn_{8} and Ag_{5}Cd_{8} phases reflect a number, population and symmetry of nonequivalent substitutional sites occupied by the indium probes. The temperature dependences of the observed electric field gradients were measured in the temperature range 37-500 K
5
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Local Adhesive Surface Properties Studied by Force Microscopy

88%
Lekka M., Lekki J., Marszałek M., Stachura Z., Cleff B.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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1998
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vol. 93
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issue 2
421-424
EN
Scanning force microscopy was used in the contact mode to determine the adhesion force between a mica surface and a silicon nitride tip. The measurements were performed in an aqueous solution of sodium and calcium chlorides. The adhesion force according to the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey- Overbeek theory depends on the competition between two kinds of forces: van der Waals and electrostatic "double layer". Two different curves of adhesion force versus salt concentration were obtained from the experiment with monovalent and divalent ions. The tip-surface adhesion force was determined from a statistical analysis of data obtained from the force vs. distance retracting curves.
6
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AES Studies of Saturation in Surfactant Segregation Process in Co/Cu Multilayers

76%
Krupiński M., Dobrowolska A., Kąc M., Polit A., Zabila Y., Marszałek M.
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issue 2
420-422
EN
The chemical composition of successive layers in a Co/Cu multilayered system was studied during growth with Auger electron spectroscopy. Experiments were carried out on a sample with 10 repetitions of Co(1 nm)/Cu(2 nm) evaporated at a very low deposition rate in ultrahigh vacuum. A very small amount of Bi or Pb (0.06 nm) was deposited on each Cu film in the system. The experimental data have shown that the concentration of Bi and Pb increases with the number of deposited trilayers up to coverage corresponding to 5 trilayers. At that point the concentration of the surfactant saturated. The changes in the surfactant concentrations are described with a simple model depicting the interaction of the surfactant atoms with the system and how the evolution of the segregation processes. It allows the prediction of the saturation concentration and helps to explain the behaviour of various elements used as a surfactant. The comparison between the theoretical predictions and the experimental results is also discussed.
7
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AFM, XRD and HRTEM Studies οf Annealed FePd Thin Films

76%
Perzanowski M., Zabila Y., Morgiel J., Polit A., Krupiński M., Dobrowolska A., Marszałek M.
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issue 2
423-426
EN
Ferromagnetic FePd L 1_{0} ordered alloys are highly expected as forthcoming high-density recording materials, because they reveal a large perpendicular magnetocrystalline anisotropy [1]. The value of the magnetic anisotropy of FePd alloy strongly depends on the alloy composition, degree of alloy order as well as on the crystallographic grain orientation. In particular, to obtain the perpendicular anisotropy, it is necessary to get the films with (001) texture. One of the successful methods, which allows one to obtain highly ordered alloy, is a subsequent deposition of Fe and Pd layers, followed by an annealing at high temperature. This paper presents the study of the FePd thin alloy film structure changing in the result of high temperature annealing. During the annealing in high vacuum, the measurements of electrical resistance were performed, indicating the regions of different structure evolution. Changes in the crystal structure and surface morphology induced by thermal treatment were investigated by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, as well as high resolution transmission electron microscopy and then compared with electrical resistivity measurement. The slow thermal annealing of the deposited layers leads to the formation of L 1_{0} ordered FePd alloy with preferred (111) grain orientation. After the annealing at the highest used temperature, the dewetting process was observed, resulting in a creation of well oriented, regular nanoparticles.
8
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Micropatterning of Silicon Surface by Direct Laser Interference Lithography

76%
Lorens M., Zabila Y., Krupiński M., Perzanowski M., Suchanek K., Marszałek K., Marszałek M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2012
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vol. 121
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issue 2
543-545
EN
Direct laser interference lithography is a new and low cost technique which can generate the line- or dot-like periodic patterns over large areas. In the present work, we report on direct fabrication of micrometer structures on Si surface. In the experiments the pulsed high power Nd:YAG laser operating at 1064 nm wavelength was used. Two-beam configuration with an angle of incidence of 40° was employed and different laser fluences up to 2.11 J/cm^2 were tested. Areas about 1 cm in diameter have been processed with a single pulse of 10 ns. The laser treated samples were analyzed by atomic force microscopy to investigate the surface topography and to measure the size and depth of the achieved structures. We observed periodic line-like arrays with grating period of the order of 1 μm.
9
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Direct Laser Interference Patterning: Theory and Application

76%
Zabila Y., Perzanowski M., Dobrowolska A., Kąc M., Polit A., Marszałek M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2009
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vol. 115
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issue 2
591-593
EN
We simulated and experimentally investigated the formation of periodic structures generated by multibeam interference patterning. The simulations at the different setup geometry show that resulting interference pattern is quasi-periodical. The calculated patterns show that the symmetries of the interference maxima depend mostly on the angles of incidence and that a wide variety of patterns can be obtained. Because of the difficulty in aligning four beams sufficiently well to avoid secondary periodicities, for testing we used a three-beam interference configuration. Atomic force microscopy images showed good correspondence between the experimental and simulated interference image, with flat islands which correspond to the destructive interference and narrow channels which correspond to the constructive interference fringes.
10
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Optical Diffraction Strain Sensor Prepared by Interference Lithography

76%
Zabila Y., Horeglad P., Krupiński M., Zarzycki A., Perzanowski M., Maximenko A., Marszałek M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2018
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vol. 133
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issue 2
309-312
EN
An optical strain sensor was developed for use in stretchable electronics. It consists of a diffraction grating formed directly on the examined surface illuminated by a laser beam which creates interference pattern. This pattern can then be used to determine axial and lateral strains for a uniaxial stress states. Direct laser interference patterning was employed as a fast processing tool for the preparation of micro- and sub-microgratings. Two coherent beams of Nd:YAG laser with 532 nm wavelength and pulse duration of 10 ns were used to selectively remove material from the irradiated sample surface. This technique creates periodic pattern on the metallized surface of polymeric substrates. New sensors formed by direct laser interference patterning method were able to resolve higher order diffraction maxima, which would be of benefit for strain measurement application. Experimental setup for tensile tests was composed of laser probe, the sensor element, and CCD camera. To extract strain values, we analysed acquired interference pattern images in real time software, developed with LabVIEW environment. This kind of contactless strain sensor is suitable for examination of stretchable electronics component for which conventional tensile tests are either not acceptable or can interfere with its normal operation.
11
Content available remote

XAFS Studies of the Behaviour of Bi in Co/Cu Multilayers

64%
Krupiński M., Kąc M., Polit A., Zabila Y., Zając D., Marszałek M., Kapusta C., Dobrowolska A.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2009
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vol. 115
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issue 2
565-567
EN
The atomic environment of Bi atoms in the Co/Cu multilayered system was studied with X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. Experiments were carried out on a Co(1 nm)/Cu(2 nm) system with 5 and 10 repetitions of Co/Cu evaporated with very low deposition rate in ultrahigh vacuum. A very small amount of Bi (0.06 nm) was deposited on each Cu film in the system. The X-ray absorption fine structure spectra were measured at the BiL_3 edge in the X-ray absorption near-edge structure and extended X-ray absorption fine structure ranges at the Beamline X1 of HASYLAB/DESY synchrotron laboratory in Hamburg. The experimental data showed different local neighbourhood of Bi, depending on the number of Co/Cu bilayer repetitions. The results are discussed in terms of the location and segregation of the Bi atoms as well as its possible oxidation ways.
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