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1

Simultaneous separation of chlorophylls and carotenoids by RP-HPLC in some algae and cyanobacteria from the southern Baltic

100%
Jodlowska S., Latala A.
|
|
issue 2
81-89
EN
HP-HPLC (reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography) was used to analyse chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments in cyanobacteria and algae from the Baltic Sea, belonging to different taxonomic groups. The following species were used: Cyclotella meneghiniana - diatom, Oocystis submarina - green alga and Phormidium amphibium - cyanobacterium. Investigations on a favourable method of chlorophyll and carotenoid pigment separation have been carried out. This method allowed to separate the following pigments: lutein and zeaxanthin; diadinoxanthin and fucoxanthin; chlorophyll c1 and c2, into sharp peaks. It could be presumed that the method would be useful and universal in the identification of pigments in other algal and cyanobacteria species and natural phytoplankton assemblages.
2

The distribution, species composition and abundance of Enteromorpha spp. in the Gulf of Gdansk

100%
Haroon A. M., Szaniawska A., Plinski M.
Oceanological Studies
|
1999
|
vol. 28
|
issue 1-2
31-39
EN
The variations in distribution, species composition, biomass and water content of Entero-morpha spp. in the Gulf of Gdansk in relation to sampling stations and season are discussed. Only four Entero-morpha species were identified in the samples collected, the most frequent being E. intestinalis (L.) Link. The species composition was found to vary in relation to sampling stations and seasons. The abundance of Enteromorpha spp. varied at different stations with a maximum at Puck variations in biomass were observed. Although Enteromorpha spp. were characterised by a high water content (96.56?0.40% of WW), no statistically significant variations in the water contents of these species with respect to sampling stations could be detected. Although there was a tendency towards seasonal changes, these occurred within a narrow range.
3

The reflection of light from serawater polluted with thin non-homogenous oil layer:theoretical dependence on wavelength, thickness and angle of incidence

100%
Otremba Z.
Oceanological Studies
|
1994
|
issue 66/7
137-148
EN
The paper contains the results of computation of the spectral-directional coefficient of light reflection from aseawater polluted with the thin oil layer. A multilayer model of oil contaminated surface was used to work out the computation algorithm. The results are shown as grephs of function of wavelength, thickness and angle of incidence. Apart from presenting the possibilities of the program packet, a few general conclusions are formulated.
4

Occurence of metals in the cockle Cerastoderma glaucum from different geographical regions in view of principal components analysis

100%
Szefer P., Wolowicz M.
Oceanological Studies
|
1993
|
issue 64/3
253-264
5

Assessment of river health in Australia by diatom assemblages ? a review

100%
John J.
Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
|
2004
|
issue 2
95-104
EN
This paper summarises the findings of two national projects carried out by the author, covering the largest area ever investigated on the use of diatoms for monitoring river health in Australia, as well as to recommend future directions in diatom river monitoring in Australia. The first project (1995 to 1998) involved South-west Western Australia ? well known for its forests and abundance of streams and rivers. Data on environmental variables and diatom taxa were obtained from 136 sites, out of which 117 were used as reference sites and 29 as monitoring (impacted) sites. Some 20 sites were randomly selected from the reference sites and used as ?test sites? to verify internal consistency of the reference sites which were considered to be relatively pristine. The streams and rivers were finally classified into four distinct groups based upon environmental factors and diatom distribution pattern. The second project involved monitoring the health of urban streams around the city of Perth, western Australia. The investigation (1996 to 1999) focussed on classification of the urban streams based on water quality parameters and ?stream conditions? and development of a predictive model using diatoms as biomonitors. Close to 180 sites were sampled with 30 environmental variables measured. All the sites were classified on the basis of seven environmental variables with the highest correlation coefficient with the sites, using the multivariate pattern analysis program PATN. The reference and monitoring sites were mostly separated on the basis of environmental factors and distinct diatom assemblages. Currently, a national protocol for assessing the health of all rivers using diatoms in Australia is being compiled.
6

Plankton larvae of invertebrates as an indicator of potential capacity for regeneration of bottom filtra-tor communities in the Gulf of Gdansk

100%
Wolska-Pys M.
Oceanological Studies
|
1998
|
vol. 27
|
issue 4
93-103
EN
In autumn 1994 and summer 1995, the occurrence of larvae of bottom invertebrates was investigated in the coastal waters of the Gulf of Gdansk. The determined abundance of larval stages of molluscs and barnacles suggested that in spite of pollution of the environment the biofiltrator communities in the Gulf have a great potential for regeneration and development. Several areas with potentially best conditions for growth, characterised by highest quantities of the larvae, and especially by a high percentage of large larvae just before their transformation into settled forms, were selected. Bio-technical measures to increase the rates of growth and to facilitate processes of self-purification in the water body are proposed.
7

Experience of using phytoperiphyton monitoring in urban watercourses

100%
Komulaynen S.
Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
|
2004
|
issue 1
65-75
EN
The purpose of this paper is to assess how informative phytoperiphyton structural parameters are, and to assess the feasibility of using them for biological monitoring of river quality. The spatial distribution of the attached algae community was studied in some of rivers in Republic of Karelia (NW Russia). The influence of anthropogenic impacts on periphyton communities was analysed in terms of species richness, species diversity, species ecology values, biomass and chlorophyll concentration. All rivers are subjected to different kind of anthropogenic impacts in addition to natural disturbance. With regards to the species composition the differences between the urban and natural stretches of rivers are obvious. The data obtained demonstrate that the phytoperiphyton communities in urban streams are dominated by broadvalent, pollution-tolerant and even saprophilic taxa. Substantial changes in periphyton structure were often caused by an enhanced mechanical impact by storm run-off, which retarded colonisation, rather than any chemical influence. The burial of algae by sand and silt resulted in the loss of species or entire algal assemblages were observed. As result the communities are dominated by a few species with high recolonization potential.
8

Selected properties of the coastal waters of the Gulf of Gdansk (autumn 1994 and summer 1995)

100%
Witkowska K., Dubrawski R.
Oceanological Studies
|
1998
|
vol. 27
|
issue 4
11-21
EN
Results of investigations on the physical and chemical properties (transparency, temperature, salinity, total nitrogen and phosphorus contents) of the Gulf of Gdansk near-shore waters carried out in autumn 1994 (September - October) and summer 1995 (June - July) are presented. Spatial and seasonal variability of water properties and environmental conditions were determined. The results obtained point to the steady degradation of near-shore environment, the range of which is slowly extending further into the water body.
9

Variability of perch, Perca fluviatilis L. helminth fauna in the Gulf of Gansk, Baltic Sea

100%
Rolbiecki L., Rokicki J., Szugaj K.
Oceanological Studies
|
2002
|
vol. 31
|
issue 1-2
43-50
EN
A total of 233 perch, Perca fluviatilis L. specimens caught within April 1995?June 1997 at two sites in the Gulf of Gdansk were examined. The fish were found to host flukes (metacercariae of Tylodelphys clavata, Diplostomum spp. and adult Bunodera luciopercae), cestodes (plerocerkoids of Eubothrium crassum and Triaenophorus nodulosus, and adult Proteocephalus percae), nematodes (Camallanus lacustris, C. truncatus, Hysterothylacium aduncum L3 and adult), and acanthocephalans (Acanthocephalus lucii, A. clavula). Most prevalent were A. lucii (33.9%) and T. clavata (28.8%). Most of the parasites were found in the perch caught off the Vistula mouth and the level of infection was higher there than elsewhere in the Gulf, which indicates that ecological and hydrological conditions in the area enhance parasitism.
10

The influence of salinity and time of particle size distribution in crude oil-seawater emulsion

100%
Stochmal W., Gurgul H.
Oceanological Studies
|
1994
|
issue 66/7
24-40
EN
Particle size distribution (PSD) in laboratory made crude oil-seawater emulsion for various salinities and time of storing was determined using a microscope.It was established thar the type of particle size distribution changes with salinity and time.
11

Influence of salinity on the growth of Nodularla spumigena Mertens

100%
Musial A., Plinski M.
|
|
issue 2
45-52
EN
The plankton material was sampled in August 1997 from the Gulf of Gdansk. The Cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena strain ( NSG 0897 ) was isolated from the samples. The effect of salinity on the growth of Nodularia spumigena was studied in the laboratory. Salinity had a significant effect on the number of cells, optical density, concentration of chlorophyll a , dry mass and growth rate. The Nodularia spumigena strain grew well in salinities 4-16 PSU. A salinity of 8 PSU is the best for the growth of this strain.
12

Denitrification in the sediments of the inner Puck Bay -preliminary results

100%
Graca B.
Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
|
2004
|
issue 4
73-91
EN
Denitrification was measured in the sediments of the Inner Puck Bay using the acetylene inhibition technique and pertinent environmental data. This process was not found to be particularly significant for the nitrogen budget of the ecosystem. The rate ranged from 0 to 40.2 mmol N m-2 h-1, which is equivalent to 151 t N per year. This constitutes 6.5% of the external nitrogen input to the investigated water body. The denitrification rate reached the highest values in spring, after the first algal blooms, when relatively fresh organic matter had amassed in the sediments and nitrate concentrations in interstitial waters peaked. The rates were almost sixfold lower than the maximal value in summer and fall. The main nitrogen source for denitrification in the investigated area was nitrification within the sediments. The deciding parameter determining the variability of the denitrification rate was the nitrate concentration in interstitial waters.
13

Cyanobacterial toxins in fresh and brackish waters of Pomorskie province (northern Poland)

100%
Mazur H., Lewandowska J., Blaszczyka A., Kot A., Plinski M.
Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
|
2003
|
issue 1
15-26
EN
Hepatotoxic cyclic peptides and neurotoxic alkaloids are the most common groups of cyanobacterial toxins. They pose a serious threat to human and animal health; each year they are responsible for several cases of animal fatalities (mammals, fish and birds). In Polish water bodies toxic blooms of cyanobacteria are also frequently observed. In this work, a procedure for anatoxin-a analysis has been modified to obtain a sensitive and selective method for routine studies of bloom samples. The presence of cyanobacterial neuro and hepatotoxins in fresh and brackish waters of Pomorskie Province was examined. Hepatotoxins, microcystins or nodularin, were detected in all phytoplankton samples dominated by the cyanobacteria of Microcystis and Anabaena genera or by Nodularia spumigena. HPLC-PDA analysis showed the presence of anatoxin-a only in one sample collected in coastal waters of the Gulf of Gdansk and dominated by Anabaena.
14

Axenic cultures of cyanobacteria - obtaining methods and associated problems

100%
Palinska K. A., Krumbein W. E.
Oceanological Studies
|
1998
|
vol. 27
|
issue 1
69-78
EN
As a part of the study on the composition and development of microbial mats, it was attempted to develop new more effec-tive methods for the isolation and purification of cyanobacteria. The difficulty often encountered in the isolation and obtaining of axenic cultures is commonly known and well reflected by the great variety of purification methods used. Although numerous techniques have been described, most of them either failed or were not suitable for certain types of cultures. Differential gel electrophoresis and Percoll gradient centrifugation, applied by us, appear to be more effective than some other methods in reducing the number of heterotrophic bacterial 'contaminants' present in freshly isolated cultures of cyanobacteria from marine environment.
15

Changes in phytoplankton pigments composition during 2000 in different southern Baltic regions

100%
Ston J., Kosakowska A.
Oceanological Studies
|
2002
|
vol. 31
|
issue 1-2
75-89
EN
The results of differences in phytoplankton pigments composition are presented in this paper. Samples from the Southern Baltic taken during three cruises on r/v ?Oceania? (14.02 - 28.02.2000, 06.05 - 16.05.2000 and 20.09 - 01.10.2000) were examined. Qualification and quantification analyses of chlorophylls and carotenoids present in samples of naturally existing phytoplankton were based on the RP-HPLC technique. Seasonal and spatial variability in pigment characteristics was observed in the analysed seasons. Presence of: chlorophyll a, chlorophyll c1+c2, chlorophyll b, alloxanthin, zeaxanthin, fucoxanthin, peridinin, neoxanthin, diadinoxanthin - was noted in every season; violaxanthin and beta-carotene - only in May and September. Lutein was detected only in May samples. The quantity of May and September pigments exceeded 2-6 times the February pigments content. Vertical differentiation in the pigments amount was also noted. Spatial variability emphasized the influence of Vistula and Odra water masses. Different markers of phytoplankton species were found in each season: in February - cryptophytes (alloxanthin), May - diatoms (fucoxanthin) and September - cyanophytes and dinophytes (containing zeaxanthin and diadinoxanthin).
16

Atmosphere as a mercury source for the Polish Baltic zone

100%
Wrembel H. Z.
Oceanological Studies
|
1994
|
issue 66/7
95-135
EN
Emission of mercury to the atmosphere at different point sources has been measured.The changes in concentration with distance from the source have been investigated. Similarly, changes in mercury concentration with heihgt have been assessed. A preliminary budged of mercury input from the atmosphere in the Polish Baltic zone has been estimated.
17

Phytoplankton of the Gdansk Basin in 1979-1993

100%
Wrzolek L.
|
|
issue 1-2
87-100
EN
In the studies on phytoplankton done within the framework of the biological monitoring of the Baltic Sea in 1979-1993 significant changes were found in the dominance structure though not the species composition.The previously dominant phyla Chrysophyta and Cyanophyta have been replacement by Pyrrophyta and Flagellata.No long-term trends in abundance and biomass of phytoplankton or in chlorophyll a concentration could be detected.
18

Qualitative analysis of stress proteins induced by cadmium in the mussel Mytilus trossulus

100%
Radlowska M., Pempkowiak J.
Oceanological Studies
|
1996
|
vol. 25
|
issue 3
133-137
EN
The exposure of the blue mussel Mytilus trossulus to increased concentration of cadmium in seawater resulted in the synthesis of a new protein of the approximate molecular weight of 60 kDa. This protein is immunologically crossreactive with the 60 kDa heat shock protein of the moth Heliothis virescens. The latter one is a member of a highly conserved family of proteins found in animals at various levels of organization. This result indicates that changes in the abundance of stress proteins may prove useful as a biomarket of mussels exposure to specific toxicants.
19

Seasonal and long-term succession of phytoplankton in shallow coastal water of the Southern Baltic Sea

100%
Wasmund N., Heerkloss R.
Oceanological Studies
|
1993
|
issue 64/3
203-213
20

Hydrodynamic conditions in the Gulf of Gdansk during Polarodex'96 experiment in comparison with numerical model

100%
Robakiewicz M.
|
EN
During POLRODEX'96 experiment (July/August 1996), the extensive measurements of hydro-dynamic conditions in the Gulf of Gdansk were carried out. Short-term and long-term measure-ments involved the registration of currents, salinity, water temperature and changes of the water level at the open sea. Hydrological and meteorological data collected were then used for the de-velopment of a numerical model for the Gulf of Gdansk. Comparison between modelled and calculated distributions (verticals, time series) leads to a conclusion that the proposed model predicts the actual hydrodynamic conditions with acceptable accuracy. Main discrepancies may result from the assumed initial and open boundary conditions.
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