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Number of results
2007 | 7 | 2 | 108-116

Article title

Regulacja łaknienia

Content

Title variants

EN
Appetite control

Languages of publication

EN PL

Abstracts

EN
The authors present most up-to-date knowledge on mechanisms responsible for regulation of appetite and body mass. It is common knowledge, that the process of food intake depends on many factors: physiological, environmental, cognitive, emotional and behavioral. Within the human central nervous system, the area most closely associated with control of food intake is the hypothalamus and its structures. Regulation of food intake involves also nuclei of the solitary tract (nucleus tractus solitarii), amygdala, prefrontal cortex, area postrema, arcuate nuclei and periventricular nuclei. According to the “dual” hypothesis of appetite control, ventro-medial nucleus of the thalamus plays the role of satiety center, while lateral nucleus of the hypothalamus – that of the hunger center. Several specific hypothalamic nuclei and neuronal pathways, including numerous neurotransmitters and modulators, create a complex network within the hypothalamus which controls appetite. Several peptides produced within the digestive tract cross the blood-brain barrier and may be found in various parts of the central nervous system (hypothalamus, hypophysis) and, by acting directly on appetite-controlling centers, contribute to it’s short-term regulation. Signals from upper part of the digestive tract are probably responsible for postprandial satiety. Based on a review of recent literature, discussed are both central (POMCα, MSH, CART, NPY, AgRP, OXA) and peripheral regulators (CCK, GLP-1, PYY, LEP, GRE, INS, adiponectin, rezistin, OXM), acting centrally (originating in the digestive tract, adipose tissue and pancreas) mechanisms controlling body mass and their complex interrelations.
PL
Autorzy przedstawili stan najnowszej wiedzy na temat mechanizmów odpowiedzialnych za regulację łaknienia i masy ciała. Wiadomo, że proces pobierania pokarmu zależy od wielu czynników: fizjologicznych, środowiskowych, poznawczych, emocjonalnych i behawioralnych. W OUN człowieka obszarem najbardziej związanym z kontrolą przyjmowania pożywienia jest podwzgórze i jego struktury. W regulację pobierania pokarmu zaangażowane są także: jądro pasma samotnego, ciała migdałowate, kora przedczołowa, miejsce najdalsze, jądro łukowate i okołokomorowe. Wg „dualnej” hipotezy regulacji łaknienia – jądro brzusznoprzyśrodkowe podwzgórza pełni rolę ośrodka sytości, zaś boczne podwzgórze – ośrodka głodu. Szereg specyficznych jąder podwzgórza oraz szlaków neuronalnych przy udziale licznych neurotransmiterów i modulatorów tworzy w podwzgórzu skomplikowaną sieć regulującą łaknienie. Szereg peptydów produkowanych przez przewód pokarmowy przenika przez barierę krew – mózg i znajduje się także w OUN (podwzgórze, przysadka) i, oddziałując bezpośrednio na ośrodki łaknienia, odgrywa rolę w chwilowej jego regulacji. Sygnały z górnego odcinka przewodu pokarmowego są prawdopodobnie odpowiedzialne za poposiłkową sytość. Na podstawie przeglądu najnowszego piśmiennictwa omówiono ośrodkowe (POMC – α-MSH, CART, NPY, AgRP, OXA) i obwodowe regulatory (CCK, GLP-1, PYY, LEP, GRE, INS, adiponektyna, rezystyna, OXM ), działające ośrodkowo (pochodzące z przewodu pokarmowego, tkanki tłuszczowej oraz trzustki) masy ciała i skomplikowane mechanizmy ich działania.

Discipline

Year

Volume

7

Issue

2

Pages

108-116

Physical description

Contributors

  • Klinika Zaburzeń Afektywnych i Psychotycznych Katedry Psychiatrii UM w Łodzi. Kierownik Kliniki: prof. dr hab. n. med. Jolanta Rabe-Jabłońska
  • Klinika Zaburzeń Afektywnych i Psychotycznych Katedry Psychiatrii UM w Łodzi. Kierownik Kliniki: prof. dr hab. n. med. Jolanta Rabe-Jabłońska

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Document Type

article

Publication order reference

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YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.psjd-6e8ff40c-e09c-4a6c-bb17-ce17bd5b1df7
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