Zaburzenia mielinizacji i migracji neuronalnej w patogenezie schizofrenii - poszukiwanie nowych genów kandydujących

• Authors: Marta Gawłowska , Jolanta Rabe-Jabłońska

Title variants

EN

Disorders of myelination and neuronal migration in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia – looking for new candidate genes

• Languages of publication: EN PL

Abstracts

EN

According to the neurodevelopmental hypothesis, schizophrenia may be caused by structural defects or abnormal neuronal circuits, resulting from disturbed early stages of embryonal development of the central nervous system. Disorders detected within white matter structures are considered one of possible causes of subsequent development of schizophrenia. Disorganization of white matter in patients with schizophrenia has been confirmed by neuropathological and neuroimaging studies. Novel neuroimaging techniques (diffusion tensor and magnetization transfer MRI) confirm the presence of white matter volume loss and regional misrouting and/or deficits within neuronal tracts. Schizophrenia is associated both with disorganization of oligodendrocytes participating in myelin synthesis and disturbed expression of proteins controlling this process. Results of post-mortem studies provide an indirect proof of disturbed neuronal migration taking place at early stages of neuroembryogenesis in patients with schizophrenia. It is suggested, that structural abnormalities observed may be caused by disturbed function of proteins which control this process, e. g. reelin, or substances mieacting as regulators of activity of these proteins and their receptors. Such a potential regulating factor is the product of the HAR1 gene, which may constitute the next step in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.

PL

W myśl hipotezy neurorozwojowej u podłoża schizofrenii leżą deficyty strukturalne lub nieprawidłowe obwody neuronalne powstające na skutek zaburzeń wczesnych etapów rozwoju embrionalnego ośrodkowego układu nerwowego. Uważa się, że jedną z możliwych przyczyn rozwoju schizofrenii mogą być nieprawidłowości obserwowane w obrębie struktur istoty białej. Na zaburzoną organizację istoty białej wśród chorujących na schizofrenię wskazują wyniki badań neuropatologicznych i neuroobrazowych. Nowe techniki badań obrazowych (badania rezonansu magnetycznego z zastosowaniem tensora dyfuzji i transferu magnetyzacji) potwierdzają obecność ubytków objętości struktur istoty białej oraz regionalne zaburzenia przebiegu i/lub ubytki w obrębie włókien nerwowych. W schizofrenii stwierdza się zarówno nieprawidłową organizację zaangażowanych w syntezę mieliny oligodendrocytów, jak i zaburzoną ekspresję białek regulujących przebieg tego procesu. Wyniki badań pośmiertnych wskazują pośrednio także na zaburzenia migracji neuronalnej na wczesnych etapach neuroembriogenezy wśród pacjentów chorujących na schizofrenię. Sugeruje się, że u podłoża obserwowanych nieprawidłowości strukturalnych leżą zaburzenia funkcji białek zaangażowanych w kontrolę przebiegu tego procesu, takich jak reelina, lub cząstek działających jako regulatory aktywności tych białek lub ich receptorów. Takim potencjalnym czynnikiem regulacyjnym jest produkt genu HAR1, który może stanowić kolejne ogniwo w patogenezie schizofrenii.

Keywords

EN

HAR1; candidate genes; geny kandydujące; mielinizacja; migracja neuronalna; myelination; neuronal migration; reelin; reelina; schizofrenia; schizophrenia

Discipline

• MEDICINE: MEDICINE

• Publisher: Medical Communications
• Journal: Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna
• Year: 2007
• Volume: 7
• Issue: 2
• Pages: 66-75

Contributors

author

Marta Gawłowska

• Klinika Zaburzeń Afektywnych i Psychotycznych Katedry Psychiatrii UM w Łodzi. Kierownik: prof. dr hab. n. med. J. Rabe-Jabłońska

author

Jolanta Rabe-Jabłońska

• Klinika Zaburzeń Afektywnych i Psychotycznych Katedry Psychiatrii UM w Łodzi. Kierownik: prof. dr hab. n. med. J. Rabe-Jabłońska

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• Document Type: article