Terapie komórkowe a prekursory neuralne w mózgu dorosłych ssaków*

• Authors: Artur Czupryn

Title variants

EN

Cellular therapies and neural precursors in the adult brain

• Languages of publication: PL EN

Abstracts

PL

Współczesna medycyna w miarę dobrze radzi sobie z leczeniem wielu chorób nabytych i wrodzonych, jednak skuteczna i trwała naprawa większości zaburzeń ośrodkowego układu nerwowego wciąż pozostaje poza naszymi możliwościami. Dlatego prowadzi się intensywne badania podstawowe i przedkliniczne, które umożliwiłyby lepsze poznanie przyczyn takich ograniczeń oraz dawały możliwość opracowania nowych terapii zaburzeń neurodegeneracyjnych, udarów, urazowego uszkodzenia mózgu i rdzenia kręgowego oraz innych chorób.
Jednym z bardziej obiecujących kierunków są terapie komórkowe z wykorzystaniem własnych, endogennych mechanizmów naprawczych, innym kierunkiem jest zastosowanie nowych, egzogennych komórek.
W pracy przedstawiono ogólne przyczyny trudności naprawy uszkodzeń mózgu, a następnie zjawiska powstawania nowych neuronów w mózgu dorosłych zwierząt i ludzi w sytuacji fizjologicznej oraz w sytuacji uszkodzenia mózgu. Omówiono niektóre przykłady wykorzystania prekursorów w strategiach naprawczych. W ostatniej części pracy przedstawiono wybrane terapie z zastosowaniem przeszczepów innych, mniej typowych prekursorów neuronów i gleju obecnych w mózgu w naprawie uszkodzeń ośrodkowego układu nerwowego.

EN

Modern medicine can treat relatively well many acquired and congenital diseases but still an effective and durable repair of the most of central nervous system disorders is beyond our capabilities. Therefore, comprehensive basic and preclinical studies are being carried out which would allow a better understanding of the reasons of these limits. They can potentially provide new strategies for neurodegenerative disorders, stroke, traumatic brain and spinal cord injury, and other diseases.
Some of the most promising approaches are cell therapies with the use of endogenous repair mechanisms, but also another direction might be provided with new exogenous cell therapies.
The article outlines the general reasons for the difficulties in the brain repair and discusses the phenomenon of new neurons in the brain of adult animals and humans, in the context of physiology and the brain injury. Promising strategies with neural precursors in the Central Nervous System repair are presented. Finally, promising state-of-the-art approaches with not typical cell subtypes of neuronal and glial precursors from the brain transplantation therapies are presented.

Keywords

PL

neurogeneza w dojrzałym mózgu; neuralne komórki macierzyste; progenitory; przeszczepy; uszkodzenia ośrodkowego układu nerwowego

• Journal: Kosmos
• Year: 2016
• Volume: 65
• Issue: 2
• Pages: 163-175

Dates

published

2016

Contributors

author

Artur Czupryn

• Zakład Neurobiologii Molekularnej i Komórkowej, Instytut Biologii Doświadczalnej im. M. Nenckiego, Polska Akademia Nauk, Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warszawa, Polska
• Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland

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