Korelacja obrazu MRI z neuropatologią i kliniką w stwardnieniu rozsianym

• Authors: Paweł Gierach , Andrzej Głąbiński

Title variants

EN

Correlation between MRI, neuropathology and clinics in multiple sclerosis

• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

PL

Badanie ośrodkowego układu nerwowego (OUN) techniką rezonansu magnetycznego (magnetic resonance imaging, MRI) jest obecnie najważniejszym badaniem dodatkowym w diagnostyce i monitorowaniu stwardnienia rozsianego (SM). W ostatnich latach pojawiło się duże zainteresowanie możliwościami poszukiwania korelacji między obrazem uzyskanym w MRI a kliniką i neuropatologią podczas rozwoju SM. Badacze poszukują korelacji między obrazem MRI a zapaleniem, demielinizacją, neurodegeneracją oraz gliozą w OUN. Obecnie uważa się, że hipointensywne zmiany w obrazach T1-zależnych najlepiej korelują z rozwojem demielinizacji i neurodegeneracją. Ponadto liczne badania potwierdzają, że objętość ognisk widzianych w sekwencji T1 może korelować z nasileniem niesprawności u pacjentów z SM. Obrazy T1-zależne wzmocnione gadoliną ujawniają miejsca w OUN, w których nastąpiło uszkodzenie bariery krew-mózg i świadczą o aktywnym procesie zapalnym. Olbrzymia większość ognisk patologicznych w OUN w przebiegu SM jest hiperintensywna w sekwencji T2. Nie jest to jednak obraz typowy dla jakiegokolwiek procesu patologicznego. Istnieją badania sugerujące, że liczba ognisk w sekwencji T2 u chorych z CIS (clinically isolated syndrome) koreluje z prawdopodobieństwem rozwoju SM w przyszłości. Przedstawione wyniki wskazują, że przy pomocy MRI wciąż nie uzyskujemy odpowiedzi na wiele pytań dotyczących przyżyciowej oceny zmian patologicznych zachodzących w OUN podczas SM, niemniej jednak dostępne dane sugerują, że możemy to już robić z pewnym przybliżeniem.

EN

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the central nervous system (CNS) is currently the most important imaging tool for diagnosis and monitoring of multiple sclerosis (MS). Recently several studies were published looking for the correlation between neuroimaging, clinics and pathology in the CNS during MS. These efforts are focused on seeking correlation between changes in MRI scans and inflammation, demyelination, neurodegeneration and gliosis in CNS. T1-weighted hypointensive lesions in MS correlate mostly with demyelination and neuronal loss. Moreover many trials indicate that the volume of T1-hypointense lesions correlate well with clinical disability in MS patients. Gadolinium enhancement in T1-weighted images reflects blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown and histologically correlates with the inflammatory phase of lesion development. Most MS lesions are hyperintense on T2-weighted MRI scans. The appearance of MRI changes in MS is not typical for any kind of tissue destruction. There are some trials suggesting that in clinically isolated syndromes (CIS) the number of cerebral T2-lesions is predictive for the development of definite MS in thefuture. All of data presented above indicate that there are still many problems with correlating CNS neuroimaging data from MS patients with their clinical status as well as with CNS histopathology. However, there is some progress in that field lately because of development of the new MRI techniques.

Keywords

EN

demielinizacja; demyelination; gliosis; glioza; inflammation; magnetic resonance imaging; multiple sclerosis; neurodegeneracja; neurodegeneration; stwardnienie rozsiane; tomografia rezonansu magnetycznego; zapalenie

Discipline

• MEDICINE: MEDICINE

• Publisher: Medical Communications
• Journal: Aktualności Neurologiczne
• Year: 2011
• Volume: 11
• Issue: 4
• Pages: 244-250

Contributors

author

Paweł Gierach

• Oddział Kliniczny Propedeutyki Neurologicznej z Pododdziałem Udarowym Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Łodzi

author

Andrzej Głąbiński

• Oddział Kliniczny Propedeutyki Neurologicznej z Pododdziałem Udarowym Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Łodzi

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• Document Type: article