Comparative Production of Biodiesel Produced from Sand Box Seed Oil Produce from Heterogeneous Catalyst Obtained from Chicken Eggshell and Periwinkle Shell

• Authors: Ezeamama Ndidiamaka Lilian , Umeuzuegbu Jonah Chukwudi , Joseph Okechukwu Ezeugo , Ibiam Prince Amauche
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

To reduce fossil fuel dependent and greenhouse gasses, biomass energy is in high demand. The sandbox tree is a common species in Abia State, but its seed oil is unfit for human consumption. In order to ascertain if sandbox oil may be used as a feedstock for the manufacturing of biodiesel, sandbox seeds were gathered from the Abia State local government of Uturu. The oil of the seed was extracted and then converted into biodiesel by Transesterification using Cao oxide catalyst gotten from Egg shell and Periwinkle shell. The quality indices (acid, iodine and saponification values) were determined, followed by physiochemical and fuel properties of the oil and methyl esters produced. From the experiment carried out, the sandbox seed has an oil content of 46.7%, iodine value (80.21g 12 / 100g), saponification value (191.181 mg) and specific gravity of 0.8871. The effect process parameter (methanol/oil molar ratio, catalyst concentration, temperature, reaction time and agitation speed) were also studied to determine the optimal conditions for methyl ester yield. The biodiesel yield obtained by transesterification with Egg shell catalyst was higher than that obtained by trans esterification with periwinkle shell catalyst. The fuel parameters of biodiesel produced using Egg shell are; Kinematic viscosity (4.10 mm2/s), density(0.86 kg/m3), flash point (77 °C), acid value (0.38 mg KOH/g), cloud point (-1.5 °C), and pour point (-6.0 °C), while the fuel parameters of the biodiesel produced using periwinkle shell catalyst are; Kinematic viscosity (4.05 mm2/s), density (0.84 kg/m3), flash point (74 °C), acid value (0.35 mg KOH/g), cloud point (-2.0 °C), and pour point (-7.0 °C). Therefore, the properties of both methyl esters after analysis, complies with ASTM biodiesel standards. These results suggest that sandbox seed oil is a good feedstock using both Egg shell and Periwinkle shell as catalyst for the production of biodiesel, to power Diesel engines without preheating system. These process parameters were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) and analysis of variance (ANOVA). This investigation has demonstrated that oil from sandbox oil can be used to produce biodiesel. A full factorial central composite design was used to establish the significance of the various process parameters and their combined effects on the transesterification efficiency. The results obtained are in good agreement with published data for other vegetable oil biodiesel as well as various international standards for biodiesel fuel. An optimal yield of 96% was achieved with optimal conditions of methanol/oil molar ratio, 6:3; temperature, 60 °C; time, 180 minutes; and catalyst concentration, 0.6%.

Keywords

EN

Biodiesel Produced; Chicken Eggshell; Comparative Production; Heterogeneous Catalyst Obtained; Periwinkle Shell; Sand Box Seed Oil Produced

Discipline

• BIOCHEMISTRY: BIOCHEMISTRY

• Publisher: Scientific Publishing House „DARWIN”
• Journal: World News of Natural Sciences
• Year: 2025
• Volume: 63
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 1-55

Contributors

author

Ezeamama Ndidiamaka Lilian

• Department Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli, Anamber State, Nigeria

author

Umeuzuegbu Jonah Chukwudi

• Department Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli, Anamber State, Nigeria

author

Joseph Okechukwu Ezeugo

• Department Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli, Anamber State, Nigeria

author

Ibiam Prince Amauche

• Department Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli, Anamber State, Nigeria

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• Document Type: article