Pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of peripheral artery disease

• Authors: Andrzej Brodziak

Title variants

PL

Patogeneza, profilaktyka i leczenie choroby tętnic obwodowych

• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

The aim of the article is to present an overview of recent findings on the etiology, pathogenesis and methods of diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis and a chosen specific syndrome caused by this polyvascular disease. The author considers pathogenic mechanisms like cellular dysfunction, inflammation and coagulation disorders and also inquires about the primary cause of endothelium damage. The links between the state of vascular endothelium and lifestyle are emphasized. The author notes that the primary causes of endothelial damage should be traced, as originally suggested many years ago to such factors as heightened anger, hostility, aggression, impulsiveness and depression. The author points out that lipid abnormalities are associated with the occurrence of vascular endothelial inflammation. It is highlighted that even though the family predisposition to the disease has long been known – genetic studies have failed to identify critical gene variants and that the notion of so-called "missing heredity" should be noted. The author also accentuates that determining so-called classical risk factors does not enable reliable prediction of the disease and therefore many researchers are looking for so-called novel biomarkers. The performed discussion on the specific features of peripheral arterial disease makes physicians aware how to combine treatment of the generalized disease with proceedings indicated for particular local lesions. Apart from pharmacological and surgical procedures, the recent attempts to stimulate the development of collateral vessels are interesting. The considerations and conclusions presented in this overview seem of great importance for the prevention and treatment of peripheral artery disease.

PL

Autor dokonuje przeglądu najnowszych ustaleń dotyczących etiologii, patogenezy oraz rozpoznawania i leczenia miażdżycy, a także specyfiki obranego wtórnego zespołu. Prócz przypomnienia istoty takich mechanizmów patogenetycznych, jak zaburzenia funkcji makrofagów, procesy zapalne i zaburzenia krzepnięcia rozważane są możliwe pierwotne przyczyny uszkodzenia śródbłonka naczyń. Podkreśla się powiązania pomiędzy stanem śródbłonka naczyniowego a stylem życia. Autor zwraca uwagę, że poszukując pierwotnych przyczyn uszkodzenia śródbłonka należy rozważyć zaproponowane już wiele lat temu czynniki osobowościowe i behawioralne, takie jak wrogość, agresywność, impulsywność i depresja. Autor wskazuje, że zaburzenia lipidowe są powiązane z występowaniem zapalenia śródbłonka. Podkreśla także, że choć znana jest już od dawna predyspozycja rodzina, to dotychczasowe badania genetyczne nie określiły krytycznych chorobotwórczych wariantów genów, co skłoniło do sformułowania pojęcia tzw. brakujących wyznaczników dziedziczności. Podkreślono także, że wykazanie tzw. klasycznych czynników ryzyka nie umożliwia precyzyjnego prognozowania wystąpienia choroby, stąd współczesne poszukiwania tzw. nowych biomarkerów miażdżycy. Przedstawienie specyfiki choroby tętnic obwodowych ułatwia autorowi uświadomienie klinicystom sposobów łączenia zwalczania uogólnionych objawów choroby z leczeniem miejscowych, zlokalizowanych zmian naczyniowych. Oprócz farmakologicznych i chirurgicznych sposobów leczenia autor omawia także rozpoczęte niedawno próby stymulowania rozwoju naczyń obocznych. Przedstawione rozważania i wnioski mają duże znaczenie dla procesu dydaktycznego dotyczącego tego najbardziej rozpowszechnionego schorzenia.

Keywords

EN

atherosclorosis; pathophysiology miażdżyca; patofizjologia; revascularisation; rewaskularyzacja

Discipline

• MEDICINE: MEDICINE

• Publisher: Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach
• Journal: Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis
• Year: 2014
• Volume: 68
• Issue: 6
• Pages: 430–448

Contributors

author

Andrzej Brodziak

• Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health ul. Kościelna 13 41-200 Sosnowiec tel. [phone]

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