Perwityna, „krystaliczna metamfetamina” – nowe zagrożenie na polskiej scenie narkotykowej

• Authors: Anna Dietrich-Muszalska

Title variants

EN

Pervitin, crystalline methamphetamine – a new threat to the Polish drug scene

• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

PL

Terminem perwityna określa się w Europie Środkowej metamfetaminę wyprodukowaną nielegalnie z efedryny lub pseudoefedryny, jako prekursora. Od kilkunastu lat notuje się w niektórych krajach europejskich zwiększone zainteresowanie używaniem tej substancji psychoaktywnej. Dane Europejskiego Centrum Monitorowania Narkotyków i Narkomanii wskazują, że liczba osób uzależnionych od perwityny w Europie zwiększa się w tempie kilku procent rocznie. Perwityna jest produkowana i sprzedawana nielegalnie zwłaszcza na terenie Czech i Słowacji oraz w Niemczech i w krajach skandynawskich, gdzie jej przyjmowanie stanowi znaczny problem społeczny i medyczny. W Polsce stosowanie perwityny w celu odurzenia zaobserwowano głównie w województwach południowych i południowo- zachodnich, do których substancja ta jest sprowadzana najczęściej z Czech i Słowacji. Używanie perwityny prowadzi do uzależnienia i wielu negatywnych następstw zdrowotnych związanych z jej działaniem na ośrodkowy i obwodowy układ nerwowy, układ krążenia i układ oddechowy. W przebiegu stosowania perwityny mogą występować psychozy intoksykacyjne, zaburzenia depresyjne i deficyty neuropsychologiczne oraz uszkodzenia różnych narządów wewnętrznych. Ostre zatrucie perwityną może prowadzić do zgonu z powodu zaburzeń układu krążenia lub hipertermii, a jej dożylne przyjmowanie sprzyja rozprzestrzenianiu się chorób przenoszonych drogą krwi. Opisywane są też takie negatywne efekty jej stosowania, jak ryzykowne zachowania seksualne i przestępstwa. Celem tego artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi na stosunkowo nowy w Polsce problem używania perwityny (tzw. czeskiej, krystalicznej metamfetaminy) w celu odurzenia oraz opisanie działania tej substancji i zagrożeń wynikających z jej stosowania.

EN

The term pervitin refers to methamphetamine in Central Europe, illegally produced from ephedrine or pseudoephedrine as a precursor. A growth in the use of psychoactive substances in some European countries has been noted for several years. According to data from the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, the number of addicted people to pervitin increases in Europe at a rate of several percent per year. Pervitin is illegally produced and sold especially in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, Germany and the Scandinavian countries, where its use is a significant social and healthcare problem. In Poland, the use of pervitin to intoxication were observed mainly in the provinces of southern and south-west, to which this substance is generally imported from the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Use of pervitin leads to addiction and a number of negative health consequences associated with its influence on the central and peripheral nervous system, cardiovascular and respiratory systems. In the course of pervitin use psychosis caused by intoxication, depression, neuropsychological deficits and damage to various organs may occur. Acute poisoning by pervitin can lead to death due to cardiovascular disorders, or hyperthermia and injecting promotes the spread of blood-borne diseases. The negative effects of its use are also described, such as risky sexual behaviours and crime. The purpose of this article is to draw attention to the relatively new problem of using pervitin in Poland (the so-called Czech crystalline methamphetamine) to intoxication and to describe, among other things, the actions of the substance and the risks arising from its use.

Keywords

EN

addiction; drug abuse; health risk; metamfetamina; methamphetamine; pervitin; perwityna; uzależnienie; używanie; zagrożenia zdrowotne

Discipline

• MEDICINE: MEDICINE

• Publisher: Medical Communications
• Journal: Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna
• Year: 2012
• Volume: 12
• Issue: 3
• Pages: 187-192

Contributors

author

Anna Dietrich-Muszalska

• Pracownia Badań Biologicznych w Psychiatrii, Klinika Zaburzeń Afektywnych i Psychotycznych Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Łodzi

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• Document Type: article