Utrata heterozygotyczności w nowotworach mózgu pochodzenia zarodkowego u dzieci

• Authors: Magdalena Zakrzewska , Paweł P. Liberski

Title variants

EN

Loss of heterozygosity in paediatric embryonal brain tumours

• Languages of publication: EN PL

Abstracts

EN

Embryonal tumours, the most common group of malignant solid tumours in children consist about 12-25% of all brain tumours of childhood. The most frequent types are: medulloblastoma (MB), supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumour (sPNET) and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumour (AT/RT). The loss of genetic material in embryonal tumours is the most often described abnormality, which may be confirmed by loss of heterozygosity analysis (LOH). This method is used to identifying regions harboring putative suppressor genes. 35 children (18 male and 17 female), aged from one year to 13 years were included in this study. There were 26 MB, six sPNETs and three AT/RTs. DNA isolated from tumour tissues and blood samples (control) was amplified in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with polymorphic markers. Molecular analyses were performed for 35 primary and 12 recurrent tumours. LOH was found in 21 primary tumours (60%). In 14 cases no alteration for all analysed region was confirmed. LOH was detected most often on chromosomes 17p, 22q and 10q. There was no alterations on chromosomes 1p, 1q and 5q. Progression of the molecular changes occurred in one case of recurrent medulloblastoma. LOH on 10q and 17p was found in both primary and recurrent tumour, while losses on 16p and 16q occurred only in the recurrent tumour. The occurrence of LOH in the particular types of tumours is quite different and not specific. Progression of molecular changes in recurrent tumors is rare event and could be connected with radiotherapy.

PL

Nowotwory mózgu pochodzenia zarodkowego są najliczniejszą grupą złośliwych nowotworów litych u dzieci, u których stanowią około 12-25% wszystkich rozrostów nowotworowych zlokalizowanych w ośrodkowym układzie nerwowym (OUN). Najczęściej rozpoznawaną jednostką z tej grupy nowotworów jest rdzeniak (MB), nieco rzadziej nadnamiotowy prymitywny nowotwór neuroektodermalny (sPNET) oraz atypowy nowotwór teratoidny/rabdoidny (AT/RT). Utrata materiału genetycznego jest w tych nowotworach częstym zjawiskiem, które można stwierdzić m.in. dzięki ocenie obecności utraty heterozygotyczności (loss of heterozygosity, LOH). Wykorzystywane jest ono do identyfikacji regionów chromosomalnych mogących zawierać geny supresorowe transformacji nowotworowej. Analizie poddano materiał pochodzący od 35 dzieci (17 dziewcząt i 18 chłopców) w wieku 1-13 lat. Wśród badanych nowotworów znajdowało się 26 MB, 6 sPNET i 3 AT/RT. Badana grupa obejmowała 35 przypadków nowotworów pierwotnych i 12 przypadków nowotworów nawrotowych. DNA, wyizolowany z tkanek nowotworowych oraz z leukocytów krwi obwodowej (materiał kontrolny), powielano podczas reakcji łańcuchowej polimerazy (polymerase chain reaction, PCR) przy użyciu syntetycznych starterów oligonukleotydowych. W grupie nowotworów pierwotnych LOH stwierdzono w 21 przypadkach (60%). W 14 przypadkach nie potwierdzono LOH w żadnym z badanych obszarów. Najwięcej przypadków LOH odnotowano na chromosomach 17p, 22q i 10q, natomiast w żadnym przypadku nie stwierdzono LOH na chromosomach 1p, 1q i 5q. W jednym przypadku nowotworu nawrotowego zdiagnozowano progresję zmian molekularnych. W nowotworze pierwotnym LOH obecna była na chromosomie 10q i 17p, z kolei w nowotworze nawrotowym dodatkowe obszary delecji obejmowały oba ramiona chromosomu 16. LOH występuje z różną częstością w poszczególnych typach histologicznych nowotworów pochodzenia zarodkowego i w większości przypadków nie ma charakteru zmian swoistych. Progresja zmian molekularnych w nawrotowych nowotworach pochodzenia zarodkowego jest zjawiskiem wyjątkowo rzadkim i może być następstwem radioterapii.

Keywords

EN

AT/RT; embryonal brain tumours; loss of heterozygosity; medulloblastoma; nowotwory mózgu pochodzenia zarodkowego; rdzeniak; sPNET; utrata heterozygotyczności

Discipline

• MEDICINE: MEDICINE

• Publisher: Medical Communications
• Journal: Aktualności Neurologiczne
• Year: 2005
• Volume: 5
• Issue: 3
• Pages: 171-182

Contributors

author

Magdalena Zakrzewska

• Zakład Patologii Molekularnej i Neuropatologii Katedry Onkologii Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Łodzi, ul. Czechosłowacka 8/10, 92-216 Łódź

author

Paweł P. Liberski

• Zakład Patologii Molekularnej i Neuropatologii Katedry Onkologii Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Łodzi, ul. Czechosłowacka 8/10, 92-216 Łódź

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• Document Type: article