Functional characteristics and anti-oxidative potentials of alginate and fucoidan in Sargassum fluitans found in Creek Town, Calabar

• Authors: Ekeke Precious Obinna , Iorhemba Aondowase Paul , Achukee Chinedu Kingsley
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

Seaweeds are the largest and most complex marine algae, which are taxonomically classified under three groups namely: brown algae, red algae and green algae. Sargassum fluitans is a genus of brown macro-algae, which are always found in abundance, floating on the sea. In this study, fucoidan and alginate were extracted from Sargassum fluitans, and their anti-oxidant and functional qualities were determined. Fucoidan and alginate extraction was carried out using hot Mcllvains buffer at 60 ⁰C. The test parameters monitored were the anti-oxidant activity (DPPH scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, metal chelating and reducing power) and functional properties (water holding capacity, water swelling capacity, bulk density and water solubility index). The fucoidan and alginate yield from Sargassum fluitans was 11.12% and 13.11% respectively. The antioxidant properties (IC50) of fucoidan were compared to ascorbic acid and gallic acid as standards. The results of the functional properties of water holding capacity, oil holding capacity, water swelling capacity, emulsifying activity and bulk density of fucoidan and alginate are (1.153±0.10 g/g and 2.65±0.43), (1.67±0.25 and 2.11±0.34), (2.73±0.12 only for fucoidan), (80% and 89%), and (10±0.0.00 ± 0.62±0.00) respectively. The IC50 of fucoidan and alginate for hydrogen peroxide scavenging, metal chelating, hydroxyl radical scavenging, reducing power, and DPPH scavenging activities were (0.056±0.00 and 0.57±0.00), (0.069±0.00 and 0.081±0.00), (0.075±0.00 and 0.058±0.00), (0.101±0.00 and 0.078±0.04), and (0.058±0.00 and 0.073±0.00) respectively. Data from this study was carried out in triplicate and expressed as Mean ± SD, A p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results from the anti-oxidant activities of the extracts showed the following; the hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity of alginate and fucoidan is greater than that of ascorbic acid, the metal chelating activity of gallic acid is higher than fucoidan and alginate, the DPPH scavenging activity of fucoidan is greater than that of ascorbic acid. It was evident that fucoidan and alginate could serve as functional food source due to their functional properties and could serve as potential antioxidant sources.

Keywords

EN

Alginate; Antioxidant; Fucoidan; Functional properties; Sargassum fluitans

Discipline

• BIOCHEMISTRY: BIOCHEMISTRY

• Publisher: Scientific Publishing House „DARWIN”
• Journal: World News of Natural Sciences
• Year: 2024
• Volume: 55
• Pages: 241-257

Contributors

author

Ekeke Precious Obinna

• Department of Biochemistry, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria

author

Iorhemba Aondowase Paul

• Department of Biochemistry, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria

author

Achukee Chinedu Kingsley

• Qingdao Institute of Biotechnology and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, China

References

• [1] K.O. Adebowale, B.I. Olu-Owolabi, E.K. Olawumi, Lawal, O. S, Functional properties of native, physically and chemically modified breadfruit (Artocarpus artillis) starch. Industrial Crops and Products, 21 (2005) 343-351.
• [2] M.T. Ale, J.D. Mikkelsen, A.S. Meyer, Important determinants for fucoidan bioactivity: A critical review of structure-function relations and extraction methods for fucose-containing sulfated polysaccharides from brown seaweeds. Marine Drugs, 9 (2011) 2106–2130
• [3] H. Bae, G. Song, J. Lee, T. Hong, M. Chang, W. Lim, Laminarin-derived from brown algae suppresses the growth of ovarian cancer cells via mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress. Marine Drugs, 18 (2020) 152
• [4] N. Blanco-Pascual, M. Montero, M. Gómez-Guillén, Antioxidant film development from unrefined extracts of brown seaweeds Laminaria digitata and Ascophyllum nodosum. Food Hydrocolloids, 37 (2014) 100–110
• [5] S. Chee, P. Wong, C. Wong, Extraction and characterisation of alginate from brown seaweeds (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) collected from Port Dickson, Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Applied Phycology, 23 (2010) 191-196
• [6] A. Dobrincic, S. Zoric, S. Pedisic, D. Kovacevic, L. Garofulic, V. Dragovic-Uzelac, Advanced technologies for the extraction of marine brown algal polysaccharide. Marine Drugs, 18 (2020) 168
• [7] V. Dronnet, Axelos, M., C. Renard, F. Thibault, Binding capacity of metal cations by sugar-beet pulp. Carbohydrate Polymer, 35(3-4) (1998) 239-247.
• [8] X.J. Duan, W.W. Zhang, X.M. Li, B.G. Wang, Evaluation of antioxidant property of extract and fractions obtained from red alga Polysiphonia urceolata. Food Chemistry, 95 (2006) 37–43.
• [9] M. Duarte, M. Cardoso, M. Noseda, Structural studies on fucoidans from the brown seaweed Sargassum stenophyllum. Carbohydrate Research, 333 (2001) 281-293
• [10] M. Dubois, K. Gilles, J. Hamilton, P. Rebers, F. Smith, Colorimeter method for determination of sugars and related substances. Analytical Chemistry, 28 (1956) 350-356
• [11] K. Ekeleme, P. Tsaku, I. Nkene, U. Uba, R. Abimiku, V. Oti, M. Sidi, Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of Psidium guajava L. leaf extracts. GBS Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 1(2) (2017) 13-19
• [12] M. Garcia-Vaquero, G. Rajauria, J.V. O’Doherty, T. Sweeney, Polysaccharides from macroalgae: Recent advances, innovative technologies and challenges in extraction and purification. Food Research International, 99 (2017) 1011–1020
• [13] G. Jiao, G. Yu, J. Zhang, H.S. Ewart, Chemical structures and bioactivities of sulfated polysaccharides from marine algae. Marine Drugs, 9 (2011) 196–233.
• [14] D. Jones, R. Chinnaswamy, Y. Tan, H. Hanna, Physiochemical properties of ready-to-eat breakfast cereals. Cereal Foods World, 45 (2000) 164-168
• [15] S.U. Kadam, B.K. Tiwari, C.P O’Donnell, Extraction, structure and biofunctional activities of laminarin from brown algae. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 50 (2015) 24–31
• [16] M. Labowska, I. Michalak, J. Detyna, Methods of extraction, physicochemical properties of alginates and their applications in biomedical field – A review. Open Chemistry, 17(1) (2019) 738-762
• [17] S.J. Lim, W.M. Wan Aida, Extraction of sulfated polysaccharides (fucoidan) from brown seaweed. In Seaweed Polysaccharides; Elsevier: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, (2017) pp. 27–46
• [18] E. Makri, E. Popalamprou, G. Doxastakis, Study of functional properties of seed storage proteins from indigenous European Legume crops (Lupin pea, broad bean) in admixture with polysaccharides. Food Hydrocolloids., 19 (2005) 583-594
• [19] A. Mazumder, S. Holdt, D. Francisci, M. Alvarado-Morales, H. Mishra, I. Angelidaki, Extraction of alginate from Sargassum muticum: Process optimization and study of its functional activities. Journal of Applied Phycology, 1 (2016) 2
• [20] R.V. Menshova, S.P. Ermakova, S.D. Anastyuk, V.V. Isakov, Y.V. Dubrovskaya, M.I. Kusaykin, B.H. Um, T.N. Zvyagintseva, Structure, enzymatic transformation and anticancer activity of branched high molecular weight laminaran from brown alga Eisenia bicyclis. Carbohydrate Polymer 99 (2014) 101–109
• [21] J. Milledge, B. Nielsen, D. Bailey, High-value products from macrolagae: The potential uses of the invasive brown seaweed, Sargassum muticum. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 5 (2016) 1
• [22] M. Oyaizu, Studies on product of browning reaction prepared from glucoseamine. Japanese Journal of Nutrition, 44 (1986) 307–315.
• [23] L. Pereira, Seaweeds as source of bioactive substances and skin care Therapy-Cosmeceuticals, algotheraphy, and thalassotherapy. Cosmetics, 5 (2018) 68.
• [24] M. Praveen, K. Parvathy, P. Balasubramanian, R. Jayabalan, An overview of extraction and purification techniques of seaweed dietary fibers for immunomodulation on gut microbiota. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 92 (2019) 46–64
• [25] P. Prieto, M Pineda, M. Aguilar, Spectrophotometric quantitation of antioxidant capacity through the formation of a phosphomolybdenum complex: Specific application to the determination of vitamin E. Analytical Biochemistry, 269 (1999) 337–341.
• [26] M. Rushdi, I. Abdel-Rahman, H. Saber, E. Shihata, W. Mahmoud, H. Madkour, H. Hassan, U. Abdelmohsen, Pharmacological and natural products diversity of the brown algae genus Sargassum. RSC Advances, 10(42) (2020) 24951-24972
• [27] A. Sanjeewa, Y. Jeon, Edible brown seaweeds a review. Journal of Food Bioactivities, (2) (2018) 37-50
• [28] G. Sharmila, A. Sheba, A. Ilakkia, Determination of in vitro antioxidant activity of crude fucoidan extracted from Sargassum wightii by different methods. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9(3) (2018) 984-989
• [29] T. Suzuki, Y. Ohsugi, Y. Yoshie, T. Shirai, T. Hirano, Dietary fibre content, water-ho;ding capacity and binding capacity of Seaweeds. Fisheries Science, 62(3) (1996) 454-461
• [30] G.C. Yan, H.Y. Chen, Antioxidant activity of various tea extracts in relation to their anti-mutagenecity. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 43 (1995) 27–37
• [31] K. Yasumatsu, K. Sawada, S. Maritaka, J. Toda, T. Wada, K. Ishi, Whipping and emulsifying properties of soy bean products. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, 36 (1972) 719-727
• [32] A. Zayed, M. El-Aasr, A. Ibrahim, R. Ulber, Fucoidan characterisation: Determination of purity and physicochemical and chemical properties. Marine Drugs, 18 (2020) 571.
• [33] C. Zhao, C. Yang, B. Liu, L. Lin, S.D. Sarker, L. Nahar, H. Yu, H. Cao, J. Xiao, Bioactive compounds from marine macroalgae and their hypoglycemic benefits. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 72 (2018) 1–12

• Document Type: article