Zonisamid – lek nie tylko przeciwpadaczkowy

• Authors: Agata Krupa , Ewa Zwierzyńska , Bogusława Pietrzak

Title variants

EN

Zonisamide – not only antiepileptic drug

• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

PL

Zonisamid – lek przeciwpadaczkowy nowej generacji – cechuje się wielokierunkowym mechanizmem działania. Poprzez wpływ na kanały jonowe Na+ oraz Ca2+ stabilizuje neuronalne błony komórkowe, a także zakłóca synchronizację wyładowań, ograniczając w ten sposób rozprzestrzenianie się napadów. Jako lek przeciwpadaczkowy wykorzystywany jest w leczeniu częściowych, uogólnionych oraz mieszanych napadów drgawkowych u dorosłych i dzieci, w terapii skojarzonej i w monoterapii. Został też zarejestrowany do leczenia choroby Parkinsona. W kilku wieloośrodkowych, randomizowanych badaniach z podwójnie ślepą próbą przeprowadzonych u pacjentów z chorobą Parkinsona, którzy wykazywali niewystarczającą odpowiedź na leczenie L-dopą, zonisamid istotnie poprawiał funkcje motoryczne, oceniane w skali nasilenia objawów schorzenia (Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, UPDRS). Wiadomo, że lek nasila transmisję dopaminergiczną, a nowsze doniesienia wskazują też na inne kierunki jego działania w przebiegu choroby. Wielu autorów podkreśla znaczenie aktywności neuroprotekcyjnej zonisamidu, niemniej liczne aspekty tego zagadnienia wymagają dalszych obserwacji. Podejmowane są także badania kliniczne oceniające skuteczność tego leku w chorobie afektywnej dwubiegunowej, bólu neuropatycznym oraz migrenowym, w zaburzeniach lękowych, zaburzeniach jedzenia oraz u osób uzależnionych od alkoholu. Ich wyniki są obiecujące i stwarzają nowe perspektywy zastosowania leku, jednak zdecydowanie istnieje potrzeba poszerzenia badań.

EN

Zonisamide – a new generation antiepileptic drug – features a multidirectional mechanism of action. The antiepileptic effect of zonisamide involves blockade of voltage-dependent Na+ and Ca2+ T-type channels, which have a most important role in membrane excitability, suggesting that zonisamide disrupts neuronal synchronized firings and epileptic activity resulting in a limitation of initiation or propagation of seizure. As an anticonvulsant it is used in the treatment of partial and generalized seizures mixed with adults and children, both in combination and in monotherapy. Zonisamide has also been approved for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. In several double-blind, randomized, multicentre trials, carried out on Parkinson’s disease patients, who showed insufficient response to L-dopa treatment, zonisamide significantly improved motor functions determined by beneficial changes in the total score of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). It is known that the drug increases dopaminergic transmission. New research shows that both, dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic mechanisms could equally be involved. Many authors emphasizes the importance neuroprotective activity of zonisamide. However, there are still some aspects that need to be explained in further studies. Clinical trials are conducted to evaluate its efficacy in bipolar disorder, neuropathic pain and migraine, anxiety disorders, eating disorders and in patients with alcohol dependence. Results of the studies are promising and provide a new possibilities of zonisamide application. However, there is a strong need to expand research in this area.

Keywords

EN

bezpieczeństwo stosowania; drug safety; indications; mechanism of action; mechanizm działania; new directions for zonisamide use; nowe kierunki zastosowań zonisamidu zonisamide; wskazania; zonisamid

Discipline

• MEDICINE: MEDICINE

• Publisher: Medical Communications
• Journal: Aktualności Neurologiczne
• Year: 2013
• Volume: 13
• Issue: 3
• Pages: 183–188

Contributors

author

Agata Krupa

• Zakład Farmakodynamiki, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi

author

Ewa Zwierzyńska

• Zakład Farmakodynamiki, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi

author

Bogusława Pietrzak

• Zakład Farmakodynamiki, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi

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• Document Type: article