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2015 | 15 | 63 | 358-367

Article title

Shear wave elastography in medullary thyroid carcinoma diagnostics

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PL
Zastosowanie elastografii fali poprzecznej w diagnostyce raka rdzeniastego tarczycy

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Abstracts

EN
Shear wave elastography (SWE) is a modern method for the assessment of tissue stiffness. There has been a growing interest in the use of this technique for characterizing thyroid focal lesions, including preoperative diagnostics. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the clinical usefulness of SWE in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) diagnostics. Materials and methods: A total of 169 focal lesions were identified in the study group (139 patients), including 6 MTCs in 4 patients (mean age: 45 years). B-mode ultrasound and SWE were performed using Aixplorer (SuperSonic, Aix-en-Provence), with a 4–15 MHz linear probe. The ultrasound was performed to assess the echogenicity and echostructure of the lesions, their margin, the halo sign, the height/width ratio (H/W ratio), the presence of calcifications and the vascularization pattern. This was followed by an analysis of maximum and mean Young’s (E) modulus values for MTC (EmaxLR, EmeanLR) and the surrounding thyroid tissues (EmaxSR, EmeanSR), as well as mean E-values (EmeanLRz) for 2 mm region of interest in the stiffest zone of the lesion. The lesions were subject to pathological and/or cytological evaluation. Results: The B-mode assessment showed that all MTCs were hypoechogenic, with no halo sign, and they contained micro- and/ or macrocalcifications. Ill-defined lesion margin were found in 4 out of 6 cancers; 4 out of 6 cancers had a H/W ratio > 1. Heterogeneous echostructure and type III vascularity were found in 5 out of 6 lesions. In the SWE, the mean value of EmaxLR for all of the MTCs was 89.5 kPa and (the mean value of EmaxSR for all surrounding tissues was) 39.7 kPa Mean values of EmeanLR and EmeanSR were 34.7 kPa and 24.4 kPa, respectively. The mean value of EmeanLRz was 49.2 kPa. Conclusions: SWE showed MTCs as stiffer lesions compared to the surrounding tissues. The lesions were qualified for fine needle aspiration biopsy based on B-mode assessment. However, the diagnostic algorithm for MTC is based on the measurement of serum calcitonin levels, B-mode ultrasound and FNAB.
PL
Elastografia fali poprzecznej jest nowoczesną metodą oceny sztywności tkanek. Obserwuje się wzrost zainteresowania tą techniką w różnicowaniu charakteru zmian ogniskowych w tarczycy również w diagnostyce przedoperacyjnej. Cel pracy: Celem niniejszej pracy była ocena klinicznej przydatności elastografii fali poprzecznej w diagnostyce raka rdzeniastego tarczycy (RRT). Materiał i metoda: W badanej grupie 139 pacjentów stwierdzono 169 zmian ogniskowych, a u 4 pacjentów (średni wiek: 45 lat) rozpoznano 6 RRT. Wykonano USG B-mode oraz elastografię fali poprzecznej aparatem Aixplorer (Super- Sonic, Aix-en-Provence), głowicą liniową o częstotliwości 4–15 MHz. W USG oceniano echogeniczność i echostrukturę zmian, ich brzegi, objaw „halo”, stosunek wysokości do głębokości (W/G), obecność zwapnień oraz wzorzec unaczynienia. Następnie analizowano: maksymalne i średnie wartości modułu Younga (E) dla największego ROI dla RRT (EmaxLR, EmeanLR) oraz dla otaczających tkanek w miąższu gruczołu (EmaxSR, EmeanSR), a także średnie wartości E (EmeanLRz) dla 2 mm obszaru zainteresowania z najsztywniejszej części zmiany. Zmiany zweryfikowano histopatologicznie i/lub cytologicznie. Wyniki: W ocenie B-mode wszystkie RRT były hipoechogeniczne, bez obecności objawu „halo”, oraz zawierały mikro- i/lub makrozwapnienia. Nieostre granice zmiany obecne były w 4 z 6 raków. Wartość ilorazu W/G > 1 dotyczyła 4 na 6 zmian. Niejednorodną echostrukturę oraz typ III unaczynienia stwierdzono w 5 na 6 zmian. W SWE średnia wartość EmaxLR w obrębie RRT wynosiła 89,5 kPa, w otoczeniu – 39,7 kPa. Średnie wartości EmeanLR, EmeanSR wynosiły odpowiednio: 34,6 kPa i 24,4 kPa. Wartość średnia EmeanLRz = 49,2 kPa. Wnioski: W SWE RRT przedstawiały się jako zmiany sztywniejsze w porównaniu z otaczającymi tkankami. W ocenie B-mode spełniały wskazania do biopsji aspiracyjnej cienkoigłowej. Jednak algorytm diagnostyczny RRT opiera się na pomiarze stężenia kalcytoniny w surowicy krwi, ocenie USG B-mode oraz biopsji.

Discipline

Year

Volume

15

Issue

63

Pages

358-367

Physical description

Contributors

  • Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland Department of Radiology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
  • Department of Endocrine Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
  • Department of Pathology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
  • Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Second Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
  • Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Second Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
  • Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Second Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
  • Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Second Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
  • Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Second Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
author
  • Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Second Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
  • Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Second Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
  • Department of Endocrine Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland

References

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article

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bwmeta1.element.psjd-95211e4e-bc5f-43bc-8cb0-925b419d3d1c
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