Chemokiny i ich receptory w doświadczalnym autoimmunizacyjnym zapaleniu OUN

• Authors: Bartosz Bielecki , Izabela Jatczak , Andrzej Głąbiński

Title variants

EN

Chemokines and their receptors in experimental autoimmune inflammation in the CNS

• Languages of publication: EN PL

Abstracts

EN

Chemokines are a family of small alkaline proteins with molecular weight of 6 to 14 kDa. Depending on physiological activities they can be divided into two groups, homeostatic (constitutive) and inflammatory. Homeoprzemieszczastatic chemokines (e.g., CCL19, CCL21, CCL25, CCL27, CXCL12 and CXCL13) are usually constitutively expressed in the specific microenvironments of lymphoid organs and peripheral tissues. In contrast, inflammatory chemokines (e.g., CCL1, CCL2, CCL11, CCL17 and CCL22) are involved in development of inflammation. Their expression is induced by another inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β or TNF. Chemokines act on various types of target cells through rhodopsin like G protein-coupled receptors. The main function of chemokines is induction of directed chemotaxis of different types of target cells. Moreover, they regulate inflammatory process and differentiation of immunological cells. Physiologically, chemokines constitutively expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) can initiate multipotential progenitor cells and neurons migration during the development of the brain as well as they can act as a trophic factors for neurons. The close correlation between the expression of chemokines and the influx of inflammatory cells to the CNS during an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS) – experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was observed. The mRNA expression of chemokines CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL7 and CXCL10 as well as chemokine receptors CCR2, CCR5, CCR8, CXCR2, CXCR3, CXCR4 andCX3CR1 in the CNS of animals with EAE was increased. These data suggest that chemokines and their receptors may be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune neuroinflammation, including MS.

PL

Chemokiny są zasadowymi białkami o małej masie cząsteczkowej, wahającej się w granicach 6-14 kDa. Ze względu na właściwości fizjologiczne chemokiny dzieli się na limfoidalne (konstytutywne lub homeostatyczne) oraz prozapalne (indukowane). Do chemokin limfoidalnych zaliczamy m.in. chemokiny CCL19, CCL21, CCL25, CCL27, CXCL12 i CXCL13, które ulegają konstytutywnej ekspresji w określonych mikrośrodowi-skach narządów limfatycznych oraz tkanek obwodowych. Chemokiny prozapalne, m.in. CCL1, CCL2, CCL11, CCL17 i CCL22, których ekspresja indukowana jest przez inne cytokiny prozapalne, takie jak IL-Ιβ lub TNF, pojawiają się głównie w przebiegu reakcji zapalnej. Chemokiny oddziałują na komórki docelowe poprzez rodopsynopodobne receptory związane z białkiem G. Pierwotną funkcją chemokin jest stymulowanie ukierunkowanej migracji różnych rodzajów komórek. Ponadto cząsteczki te regulują proces zapalenia i różnicowanie komórek immunologicznych. Fizjologicznie chemokiny ulegające konstytutywnej ekspresji w obrębie ośrodkowego układu nerwowego (OUN) mogą pełnić rolę w inicjacji migracji multipotencjalnych komórek progenitorowych i neuronów w trakcie rozwoju mózgu oraz mogą funkcjonować jako czynniki troficzne dla neuronów. Wykazano ścisłą zależność pomiędzy ekspresją chemokin i napływem komórek zapalnych do OUN podczas rozwoju modelu doświadczalnego stwardnienia rozsianego (SM) - doświadczalnego autoim-munizacyjnego zapalenia mózgu i rdzenia kręgowego (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, EAE). W OUN zwierząt z EAE wykazano podwyższoną ekspresję mRNA kodującego chemokiny CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL7 i CXCL10 oraz receptory chemokinowe CCR2, CCR5, CCR8, CXCR2, CXCR3, CXCR4 i CX3CR1. Wyniki te sugerują, że chemokiny i ich receptory mogą odgrywać istotną rolę w rozwoju autoimmunizacyjnego zapalenia w OUN, w tym również i w przebiegu SM.

Keywords

EN

autoimmunity; autoimmunizacja; chemokine receptors; chemokines; chemokiny; doświadczalne autoimmunizacyjne zapalenie mózgu; experimental autoimmune brain inflammation; multiple sclerosis; receptory chemokinowe; stwardnienie rozsiane

Discipline

• MEDICINE: MEDICINE

• Publisher: Medical Communications
• Journal: Aktualności Neurologiczne
• Year: 2008
• Volume: 8
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 16-24

Contributors

author

Bartosz Bielecki

• Klinika Neurologii i Epileptologii z Oddziałem Udarowym, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi

author

Izabela Jatczak

• Klinika Neurologii i Epileptologii z Oddziałem Udarowym, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi. Oddział Kliniczny Propedeutyki Neurologicznej z Pododdziałem Udarowym, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi

author

Andrzej Głąbiński

• Klinika Neurologii i Epileptologii z Oddziałem Udarowym, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi. Oddział Kliniczny Propedeutyki Neurologicznej z Pododdziałem Udarowym, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi

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• Document Type: article