Ultrasonografia na sali porodowej – fanaberia czy konieczność?

• Authors: Marzena Dębska , Piotr Kretowicz , Romuald Dębski

Title variants

EN

Intrapartum sonography – eccentricity or necessity?

• Languages of publication: EN PL

Abstracts

EN

Ultrasonography has been extensively used in obstetrics and gynecology since 1980’s. It found application in pediatric gynecology, procreation period, post-menopause, pregnancy monitoring and after delivery. Although the first reports on the use of ultrasonography in assessing delivery mechanism were published in 1990’s, yet to date labor progress is evaluated by means of physical examination in most delivery units. Intrapartum sonography is not routinely performed despite the fact that numerous studies documented high error rates of conventional obstetrical examination. Even an experienced physician makes a mistake in every third case of the fetal head descent and fontanelle position assessment. Nowadays, obstetrician’s role is not to strain for vaginal delivery at all costs, but to provide the patient in labor and her newborn with maximal safety. To achieve this objective, an obstetrician should distinguish between women who will deliver spontaneously and whose who require Cesarean section. Proper decision should be made on the basis of objective and valid evaluation of obstetric setting, which cannot be achieved solely with physical examination. Intrapartum sonography was shown to be far more accurate than digital examination. Moreover, it is not technically demanding, provides high reproducibility and neither increases the rate of ascending infection or causes discomfort to the patient. Current research suggests that if used routinely, intrapartum sonography can increase the safety of labor and reduce cesarean section rate.

PL

Diagnostyka ultrasonograficzna jest powszechnie stosowana w położnictwie i ginekologii od lat 80. ubiegłego wieku. Badania ultrasonograficzne wykonuje się w ginekologii dziecięcej, w okresie prokreacyjnym, po menopauzie, w monitorowaniu przebiegu ciąży i po porodzie. Pierwsze doniesienia o wykorzystaniu ultrasonografii do oceny mechanizmu porodowego pojawiły się w latach 90., jednak do dziś w większości ośrodków postęp porodu oceniany jest wyłącznie w badaniu klinicznym. Nie wykonuje się śródporodowego badania ultrasonograficznego, mimo że w wielu pracach wykazano, że tradycyjne badanie położnicze cechuje się wysokim odsetkiem błędów. Nawet doświadczony lekarz, oceniając zaawansowanie głowy w kanale rodnym i lokalizację ciemiączek, myli się w tym badaniu przeciętnie w co trzecim przypadku. Obecnie rola położnika nie polega na dążeniu za wszelką cenę do ukończenia porodu drogami natury, lecz na zapewnieniu maksymalnego bezpieczeństwa rodzącej i jej dziecku. Aby je zapewnić, położnik powinien określić, które pacjentki mają szansę urodzić drogami natury, a u których lepszym rozwiązaniem będzie wykonanie cięcia cesarskiego. Właściwa decyzja może zostać podjęta jedynie na podstawie obiektywnej i prawidłowej oceny sytuacji położniczej, co nie jest możliwe jedynie na podstawie samego badania klinicznego. Wykazano, że badanie ultrasonograficzne w czasie porodu jest znacznie bardziej wiarygodne niż badanie palpacyjne. Ponadto jest proste technicznie, powtarzalne, nie zwiększa ryzyka infekcji wstępującej i nie powoduje dyskomfortu dla pacjentki. Dotychczasowe wnioski wynikające z prac naukowych oceniających zastosowanie ultrasonografii w trakcie porodu są bardzo optymistyczne i wskazują, że jej wprowadzenie może wpłynąć na zwiększenie bezpieczeństwa porodu, a nawet na zmniejszenie odsetka cięć cesarskich.

Keywords

EN

angle of progression; badanie palpacyjne; digital examination; fetal head descent; intrapartum ultrasound; kąt progresji; ultrasonografia śródporodowa; zstępowanie głowy

Discipline

• MEDICINE: MEDICINE

• Publisher: Medical Communications
• Journal: Journal of Ultrasonography
• Year: 2015
• Volume: 15
• Issue: 61
• Pages: 125-136

Contributors

author

Marzena Dębska

• MD, PhD, II Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Bielański Hospital, Warsaw, Poland, Cegłowska 80, 01-001 Warsaw, Poland, tel.: [phone]

author

Piotr Kretowicz

• II Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland

author

Romuald Dębski

• II Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland

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• Document Type: article