Leczenie przyczynowe (reperfuzyjne) w ostrej fazie niedokrwiennego udaru mózgu – od pierwszych prób do dziś

• Authors: Jacek J. Rożniecki

Title variants

EN

Causative (reperfusion) treatment in acute ischaemic stroke – from the first attempts until today

• Languages of publication: EN PL

Abstracts

EN

The review presents the development of causative treatment in the acute phase of ischaemic stroke over the past 20 years. The earliest methods of brain reperfusion, still in use today, are based on intravenous administration of a thrombolytic agent, but as the protocols improved, it was possible to extend the therapeutic time window for this method from initial 3 hours up to 4.5 hours (as standard), and even up to 6 hours in selected patients. The next step of brain reperfusion evolution was local, intra-arterial administration of a thrombolytic drug, and finally mechanical intravascular procedures were developed, which allowed the therapeutic window to be extended to 8 hours. The most advanced approaches, which combine 2 or 3 methods, enable safe and efficacious treatment of the acute phase of ischaemic stroke even up to 12 hours from its onset. This creates new perspectives for a development of vascular neurology and neurointerventional radiology, which in the future will give patients suffering from acute ischaemic stroke much more chances for survival and functional recovery than it has been very recently.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono, jak w ostatnich 20 latach rozwijały się metody przyczynowego – a więc rekanalizującego – leczenia w ostrej fazie niedokrwiennego udaru mózgu. Najwcześniejsze sposoby reperfuzji mózgu, wciąż stosowane, opierają się na dożylnym podaniu środka trombolitycznego; dzięki dopracowaniu protokołów leczenia udało się poszerzyć okno terapeutyczne dla tej metody z 3 godzin do 4,5 godziny (standardowo), a w niektórych przypadkach – nawet do 6 godzin. Kolejnym etapem rozwoju metod reperfuzji mózgu było lokalne, dotętnicze podawanie leku trombolitycznego. Wreszcie pojawiły się mechaniczne procedury wewnątrznaczyniowe, pozwalające poszerzyć okno terapeutyczne do 8 godzin. Najbardziej zaawansowane podejścia, łączące dwie lub trzy metody, umożliwiają bezpieczne i skuteczne leczenie chorych nawet w ciągu 12 godzin od wystąpienia objawów udaru mózgu. Stwarza to nowe perspektywy rozwoju neurologii naczyniowej i radiologii neurointerwencyjnej. W przyszłości pacjenci doznający niedokrwiennego udaru mózgu będą zatem mieć znacznie większe szanse na przeżycie i sprawne funkcjonowanie niż jeszcze bardzo niedawno.

Keywords

EN

fibrinolysis; fibrynoliza; leczenie reperfuzyjne; reperfusion therapy; rt-PA; stroke; thrombolysis; tromboliza; udar mózgu

Discipline

• MEDICINE: MEDICINE

• Publisher: Medical Communications
• Journal: Aktualności Neurologiczne
• Year: 2014
• Volume: 14
• Issue: 4
• Pages: 228–234

Contributors

author

Jacek J. Rożniecki

• Klinika Neurologii, Udarów Mózgu i Neurorehabilitacji, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi

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• Document Type: article