Full-text resources of PSJD and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

PL EN


Preferences help
enabled [disable] Abstract
Number of results
2015 | 15 | 3 | 144–149

Article title

Alemtuzumab – nowy lek w terapii postaci rzutowej stwardnienia rozsianego. Pierwsza czy druga linia leczenia?

Authors

Content

Title variants

EN
Alemtuzumab – a new drug in the therapy of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The first or second line of treatment?

Languages of publication

EN PL

Abstracts

EN
Alemtuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody aimed against glycoprotein CD52, which causes the depletion (elimination) of circulating T and B cells. The recovery process for the two cell populations differs, leading to disturbances in the immune system. These changes result in a reduction in the disease activity. The efficacy of alemtuzumab has been confirmed in three clinical studies: one phase II – CAMMS223 study, and two phase III – CARE-MS I and CARE-MS II studies. They have shown the clinical effectiveness of intravenous alemtuzumab in patients with the remitting form of multiple sclerosis. Interferon beta-1a was administered subcutaneously as the comparator. CAMMS223 and CARE-MS I showed the drug to have significant impact on the decrease of the relapse rate as compared to interferon, whereas CAMMS223 and CARE-MS II showed it to slow down the increase of disability in patients. Treatment with alemtuzumab, however, has not been free of significant side effects, falling essentially into three major groups: side effects directly related to the administration of the drug, severe infections, and autoimmune disorders (idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, impaired thyroid function, and nephropathy). Alemtuzumab therapy can be both effective and safe, provided that an appropriate programme is maintained, aimed at monitoring the adverse events.
PL
Alemtuzumab jest humanizowanym przeciwciałem monoklonalnym skierowanym przeciwko glikoproteinie CD52, powodującym deplecję (eliminację) krążących limfocytów T i B. Proces odtwarzania obu populacji limfocytów przebiega odmiennie, co prowadzi do zaburzeń w układzie odpornościowym. Zmiany te skutkują zmniejszeniem aktywności procesu chorobowego. Skuteczność alemtuzumabu została potwierdzona w trzech badaniach klinicznych: jednym fazy drugiej – CAMMS223 oraz dwóch fazy trzeciej – CARE-MS I i CARE-MS II. W badaniach tych wykazano skuteczność kliniczną podawanego dożylnie alemtuzumabu u chorych z postacią rzutową stwardnienia rozsianego. Komparatorem był podawany podskórnie interferon beta-1a. W CAMMS223 i CARE-MS I wykazano istotny wpływ alemtuzumabu na spadek wskaźnika rzutów w porównaniu z interferonem, a w CAMMS223 i CARE-MS II – wpływ na zwolnienie narastania niesprawności. Terapia z zastosowaniem alemtuzumabu nie była wolna od istotnych działań niepożądanych, które należały do trzech zasadniczych grup: działania niepożądane bezpośrednio związane z podawaniem leku, ciężkie infekcje oraz zaburzenia autoimmunologiczne (samoistna plamica małopłytkowa, zaburzenia funkcji tarczycy i nefropatia). Terapia alemtuzumabem może być zarówno skuteczna, jak i bezpieczna, jednakże pod warunkiem zachowania właściwego programu monitorowania działań niepożądanych.

Discipline

Year

Volume

15

Issue

3

Pages

144–149

Physical description

Contributors

  • Oddział Neurologii z Pododdziałem Rehabilitacji Neurologicznej, Międzyleski Szpital Specjalistyczny w Warszawie, Polska.

References

  • CAMMS223 Trial Investigators; Coles AJ, Compston DA, Selmaj KW et al.: Alemtuzumab vs. interferon beta-1a in early multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 2008; 359: 1786–1801.
  • Clanet MC, Wolinsky JS, Ashton RJ et al.: Risk evaluation and monitoring in multiple sclerosis therapeutics. Mult Scler 2014; 20: 1306–1311.
  • Cohen JA, Coles AJ, Arnold DL et al.; CARE-MS I investigators: Alemtuzumab versus interferon beta 1a as first-line treatment for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a randomised controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet 2012; 380: 1819–1828.
  • Coles AJ, Cox A, Le Page E et al.: The window of therapeutic opportunity in multiple sclerosis: evidence from monoclonal antibody therapy. J Neurol 2006; 253: 98–108.
  • Coles AJ, Twyman CL, Arnold DL et al.; CARE-MS II investigators: Alemtuzumab for patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis after disease-modifying therapy: a randomised controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet 2012; 380: 1829–1839.
  • Cox AL, Thompson SA, Jones JL et al.: Lymphocyte homeostasis following therapeutic lymphocyte depletion in multiple sclerosis. Eur J Immunol 2005; 35: 3332–3342.
  • Fox EA, Arnold DL, Cohen J et al.: Autoimmunity in patients treated with alemtuzumab for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. ECTRIMS 2012. Lyon, France.
  • Genzyme Therapeutics Ltd, Lemtrada (alemtuzumab, 12 mg concentrate for solution for infusion). EU summary of product characteristics: http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Product_Information/human/003718/WC500150521.pdf [cited 20 January 2014].
  • Havari E, Turner MJ, Campos-Rivera J et al.: Impact of alemtuzumab treatment on the survival and function of human regulatory T cells in vitro. Immunology 2014; 141: 123–131.
  • Hu Y, Turner MJ, Shields J et al.: Investigation of the mechanism of action of alemtuzumab in a human CD52 transgenic mouse model. Immunology 2009; 128: 260–270.
  • Krumbholz M, Derfuss T, Hohlfeld R et al.: B cells and antibodies in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis and therapy. Nat Rev Neurol 2012; 8: 613–623.
  • Miller T: Detection, incidence, and management of thyroid autoimmunity in Comparison of Alemtuzumab and RebifR in Multiple Sclerosis (CARE-MS) I and II. 65th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Neurology (ANN), 16–23 March 2013, San Diego, USA, P01.173.
  • Sormani MP, Arnold DL, De Stefano N: Treatment effect on brain atrophy correlates with treatment effect on disability in multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2014; 75: 43–49.
  • Wynn D, Arnold DL, Cohen JA et al.: Detection, incidence, and management of glomerulonephritis in the alemtuzumab clinical development program. ECTRIMS – 29th Congress, 2–5 October 2013, Denmark, P597.

Document Type

review

Publication order reference

Identifiers

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.psjd-542f6a7f-1542-495d-8a48-dda5eadd7db4
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.