Charakterystyka komórek macierzystych występujących w łożysku ludzkim

• Authors: Karolina Smorzyk

Title variants

EN

Characteristics of stem cells occurring in human placenta

• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

PL

Potencjalnie, tak duży narząd jak łożysko ludzkie powinien być wydajnym źródłem komórek macierzystych. Pobieranie łożyska nie budzi kontrowersji. Izolacja komórek z poszczególnych warstw tego narządu jest procesem kilkuetapowym. Z części płodowej łożyska ludzkiego wyizolowano: komórki nabłonka owodni (hAEC), mezenchymalne komórki podścieliska owodni (hAMSC), mezenchymalne komórki podścieliska kosmówki (hCMSC) oraz komórki trofoblastu kosmówki (hCTC). Wśród tych komórek wykazano obecność komórek macierzystych posiadających cechy pluripotencjalności. Pochodzące z łożyska komórki macierzyste wykazują ekspresję markerów specyfi cznych dla embrionalnych komórek macierzystych (SSEA-3, SSEA-4, TRA1-60, TRA1-81), a także mają zdolność do różnicowania się w kierunku komórek reprezentujących trzy listki zarodkowe: mezodermę, endodermę i ektodermę, np. do adipocytów, osteoblastów, chondrocytów, endoteliocytów, komórek mięśnia szkieletowego, kardiomiocytów, neuronów, komórek glejowych, komórek trzustki i hepatocytów. Komórki izolowane z łożyska ludzkiego charakteryzują się niską immunogennością i nie wykazują tendencji do transformacji nowotworowej po przeszczepieniu zwierzętom doświadczalnym. Komórki macierzyste pochodzące z łożyska ludzkiego wydają się wartościową populacją komórek dla medycyny regeneracyjnej oraz w leczeniu wielu chorób, do tej pory nieuleczalnych.

EN

Such a large organ as human placenta could be potentially a very effi - cient source of stem cells. In addition, taking of this organ is not invasive and controversial process. Isolation of cells from diff erent layers of the placenta is divided into several stages. From fetal part of human placenta hAEC (human amniotic epithelial cells), hAMSC (human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells), hCMSC (human chorionic mesenchymal stromal cells) and hCTC (human chorionic trophoblastic cells) can be isolated. Among these cells are present stem cells, which are characterized by pluripotency. Stem cells derived from placenta express markers specifi c for embryonic stem cells (SSEA-3, SSEA-4, TRA1-60, TRA1-81), and they have the ability to diff erentiate towards cells representing three germ layers: mesoderm, endoderm and ectoderm, for example: adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, endotheliocytes, skeletal muscle cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, glial cells, pancreatic cells and hepatocytes. Cells isolated from human placenta are also characterized by low immunogenicity and tumorigenicity after implantation to the animals. Placenta-derived stem cells seem to be valuable population of cells for regenerative medicine and in a treatment of terminal diseases.

Keywords

EN

hAEC; hAMSC; hCMSC; human placenta; komórki macierzyste; stem cells; łożysko ludzkie

Discipline

• MEDICINE: MEDICINE

• Publisher: Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach
• Journal: Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis
• Year: 2011
• Volume: 65
• Issue: 5-6
• Pages: 80–89

Contributors

author

Karolina Smorzyk

• Zakład Histologii Katedry Morfologii Śląskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego ul. Medyków 18 40-752 Katowice tel. [phone]

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• Document Type: article