Żywienie w chorobie Parkinsona

• Authors: Agnieszka Gorzkowska

Title variants

EN

Nutrition in Parkinson’s disease

• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

PL

Choroba Parkinsona to przewlekła choroba neurozwyrodnieniowa o bogatej symptomatologii ruchowej i pozaruchowej. Wśród czynników wpływających na ryzyko wystąpienia choroby i na jej przebieg ważne miejsce zajmują składniki codziennej diety. Jest wysoce prawdopodobne, że niewłaściwe żywienie promuje procesy neurodegeneracyjne. Odpowiedni sposób odżywiania to potencjalny element terapii i czynnik neuroprotekcyjny, spowalniający postęp choroby. Pod wpływem diety zmieniać się może skuteczność leczenia farmakologicznego. Pacjenci z chorobą Parkinsona mają specyficzne potrzeby żywieniowe związane z problemami pozaruchowymi, żywienie jest również istotne w kontekście barier w przyjmowaniu pokarmu stwarzanych przez chorobę. Dieta chorego powinna zapewniać utrzymanie prawidłowej masy ciała, zaspokajać zapotrzebowanie na białka, tłuszcze, węglowodany, błonnik, witaminy i składniki mineralne zgodnie z aktualnymi normami, wspomagać działanie leków i terapię dominujących objawów, a w świetle badań naukowych – wiązać się z wolniejszym lub łagodniejszym przebiegiem choroby. Najwięcej oczekiwań spełnia obecnie dieta śródziemnomorska, należy jednak podkreślić, że żywienie każdej osoby z chorobą Parkinsona wymaga indywidualnego podejścia: uwzględnienia etapu i obrazu choroby oraz schorzeń współistniejących. Brak w pełni skutecznego postępowania w tym względzie przejawia się w wysokich wskaźnikach niedożywienia w analizowanej populacji chorych. W artykule przedstawiono aktualne spojrzenie na problemy związane z żywieniem oraz możliwości wykorzystania zaleceń dietetycznych w optymalizacji prowadzenia pacjenta z chorobą Parkinsona.

EN

Parkinson’s disease is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder with extensive motor and non-motor symptoms. Several specific dietary components have emerged as being of potential importance in the occurrence and course of Parkinson’s disease. Inappropriate nutrition is likely to aggravate neurodegenerative processes. Conversely, a proper diet can be an element of therapy and a potential neuroprotective factor that slows down the progression of the disease. Even the effectiveness of pharmacological treatment in Parkinson’s disease may be affected by dietary habits. Parkinson’s disease patients have also specific nutritional needs related to non-motor problems resulting from changes occurring in the course of the disease. Adequate nutrition needs also to be considered in the context of barriers posed by the disease in food intake. A proper diet in Parkinson’s disease should ensure the maintenance of normal body weight, meet the demand for proteins, fats, carbohydrates, fibre, vitamins and minerals in accordance with the current standards, aid the effective action of drugs and therapy of the prevalent symptoms, and thus, in the light of current scientific research, facilitate a slower or milder course of the disease. Currently, the Mediterranean diet meets the most expectations in this case. However, it should be emphasized that the nutrition of each Parkinson’s disease patient requires a fully individual approach, taking into consideration the stage and the picture of the disease and comorbidities. A lack of fully effective management concerning dietary pattern is reflected by high rates of malnutrition in this population of patients. The article presents the current views on the dietary problems associated with Parkinson’s disease and the potential for using nutritional guidance to optimise the treatment of Parkinson’s disease patients.

Keywords

EN

choroba Parkinsona; dieta; leczenie

Discipline

• MEDICINE: MEDICINE

• Publisher: Medical Communications
• Journal: Aktualności Neurologiczne
• Year: 2017
• Volume: 17
• Issue: 4
• Pages: 199–207

Contributors

author

Agnieszka Gorzkowska

• Katedra Neurologii, Klinika Neurorehabilitacji Śląskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Katowicach, Uniwersyteckie Centrum Kliniczne, Katowice, Polska

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• Document Type: article