Limfocyty Th17 w patogenezie doświadczalnego modelu stwardnienia rozsianego

• Authors: Dagmara Wójkowska , Andrzej Głąbiński

Title variants

EN

Th17 cells in pathogenesis of experimental model of multiple sclerosis

• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

PL

Limfocyty Th17 są stosunkowo niedawno opisaną subpopulacją limfocytów pomocniczych T (Th), charakteryzującą się wytwarzaniem cytokiny IL-17 (IL-17). Badania nad tymi limfocytami rzuciły nowe światło na patogenezę stwardnienia rozsianego (SM) i jego doświadczalnego modelu – eksperymentalnego autoimmunizacyjnego zapalenia mózgu i rdzenia kręgowego (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, EAE). Limfocyty te wykazują znaczne podobieństwo do limfocytów Th1, a dziewicze limfocyty CD4+ różnicują się w kierunku fenotypu Th17 pod wpływem stymulacji ściśle określonego zestawu cytokin. Powstawanie mysich limfocytów Th17 indukują cytokiny TGF-β oraz IL-6 lub IL-21. Komórki Th17 produkują różne chemokiny, m.in. IL-17A/F, IL-21 i IL-22. Udokumentowano, że neutralizacja IL-17 zmniejsza objawy choroby EAE. Głównym mediatorem stanu patologicznego w ośrodkowym układzie nerwowym (OUN) indukowanego przez limfocyty Th17 jest cytokina IL-17A. Do najlepiej scharakteryzowanych funkcji IL-17A należy indukcja wytwarzania neutrofilowych chemokin ELR+ CXC, tj. CXCL1 i CXCL2. Ponadto limfocyty Th17 mogą sprzyjać rozwojowi EAE poprzez aktywację neutrofili wewnątrz szpiku kostnego, co w konsekwencji prowadzi do mobilizacji niedojrzałych monocytów do krwiobiegu i rozwoju zapalenia w ośrodkowym układzie nerwowym. Rosnąca liczba danych płynących z badań nad SM i EAE potwierdza istotny udział limfocytów Th17 w patogenezie tej choroby, a poznanie dokładnej roli tych limfocytów wymaga dalszych badań – ich wyniki mogą być użyteczne w opracowywaniu nowych metod terapii SM.

EN

Th17 cells are quite recently discovered subpopulation of T helper lymphocytes, characterized by the production of IL-17 (IL-17). Research on these lymphocytes gives new light on the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and its experimental model (EAE). These lymphocytes have a high similarity to Th1 cells and naïve T CD4+ differentiate into Th17 phenotype under the influence of a specific set of cytokines. Formation of murine Th17 cells is induced by cytokines TGF-β and IL-6 or IL-21. Th17 cells produce various chemokines, including IL-17A/F, IL-21 and IL-22. It has been documented that the neutralization of IL-17 reduces the symptoms of the disease in an animal model of MS. The main mediator of central nervous system (CNS) pathology induced by Th17 cells is IL-17A. One of the best characterized function of IL-17A is the induction of the production of neutrophilic CXC ELR+ chemokines: CXCL1 and CXCL2. Moreover, Th17 cells can promote the development of EAE by activation of neutrophils within the bone marrow, which in consequences leads to the mobilization of immature monocytes into the bloodstream and the development ofinflammation in the CNS. A growing number of data from the studies on MS and EAE confirms a major role of Th17 lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of this disease. Understanding the exact role of these cells requires further studies, since their results may be useful in developing new therapies for MS.

Keywords

EN

Th17 cells; chemokines; chemokiny; doświadczalne autoimmunizacyjne zapaleniemózgu i rdzenia kręgowego; experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; interleukin 17; interleukina 17; limfocyty Th17; multiple sclerosis; stwardnienie rozsiane

Discipline

• MEDICINE: MEDICINE

• Publisher: Medical Communications
• Journal: Aktualności Neurologiczne
• Year: 2011
• Volume: 11
• Issue: 2
• Pages: 100-105

Contributors

author

Dagmara Wójkowska

• Oddział Kliniczny Propedeutyki Neurologicznej z Pododdziałem Udarowym, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi, WSS. im. M. Kopernika

author

Andrzej Głąbiński

• Oddział Kliniczny Propedeutyki Neurologicznej z Pododdziałem Udarowym, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi, WSS. im. M. Kopernika

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• Document Type: article