The prevention of dental caries and dental health of 12-year-old children in Żywiec District in Silesian Voivodeship – a Polish experience

• Authors: Urszula Kalińska , Magdalena Hartman-Petrycka , Barbara Błońska-Fajfrowska

Title variants

PL

Profilaktyka próchnicy a stan uzębienia dzieci 12-letnich w powiecie żywieckim w województwie śląskim – doświadczenia polskie

• Languages of publication: EN PL

Abstracts

EN

INTRODUCTION: To counteract tooth decay in the Żywiec area, the local authorities implemented a health programme aimed at children from 4 to 15 years of age. The programme included educational and preventive actions (oral examinations and the sealing of I and II permanent molars). The aim of this study was to measure the effectiveness of the health programme. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The 12-year-olds who participated in the study were from: the town of Żywiec and covered by the Programme (P group; n = 441); the town of Żywiec, but not covered by the Programme (CT group; n = 131) and non-participants in the Programme from the countryside around Żywiec (CR group; n = 135). The effectiveness of the programme was measured by analysing a survey evaluating the children’s awareness of oral health and an examination of their teeth, in particular, the first and second permanent molars. RESULTS: The children from Group P were more knowledgeable (p < 0.001), had a lower frequency of decay in their permanent teeth (p < 0.001), lower than average values for DMFT (1.3; p < 0.001) and DMFS (1.4; p < 0.001), lower rates of SiC (3.2; p < 0.001) and higher rates of preventive sealant on I (p < 0.001) and II (p < 0.001) molars, than in both control groups. For comparison, Group CT: DMFT = 4.5, DMFS = 5.2, SiC = 7.2; and group CR: DMFT = 3.5, DMFS = 4.3, SiC = 7.0. The treatment index in Group CR (0.44) was much lower than in Groups P (0.80) and CT (0.76). CONCLUSIONS: Implementing a preventative programme of this nature could bring benefits not only in Poland but also in countries where the state of oral health is very low.

PL

WSTĘP: Aby obniżyć częstość występowania próchnicy zębów w Żywcu, władze samorządowe wdrożyły program dedykowany dzieciom w wieku 4–15 lat. Program obejmował działania edukacyjne i profilaktyczne (badanie jamy ustnej oraz lakowanie I i II stałych zębów trzonowych). Celem pracy było zmierzenie skuteczności programu zdrowotnego. MATERIAŁ I METODY: W badaniu wzięli udział 12-letni uczniowie: z miasta Żywiec objęci programem profilaktycznym (grupa P; n = 441); z miasta Żywiec nieobjęci takim programem (grupa CT; n = 131) oraz ze wsi w powiecie żywieckim, również nieuczestniczący w programie (grupa CR; n = 135). Skuteczność programu była oceniana na podstawie wiedzy dzieci na temat zdrowia jamy ustnej oraz oceny stanu uzębienia, w szczególności pierwszych i drugich zębów trzonowych stałych. WYNIKI: Dzieci z grupy P miały większą wiedzę (p < 0,001), obserwowano u nich niższą częstotliwość próchnicy zębów stałych (p < 0,001), niższe średnie wartości DMFT (1,3; p < 0,001) i DMFS (1,4; p < 0,001), niższe wartości SiC (3,2; p < 0,001) oraz wyższe wskaźniki lakowania I (p < 0,001) i II (p < 0,001) zębów trzonowych niż w obu grupach kontrolnych. Dla porównania w grupie CT: DMFT = 4,5; DMFS = 5,2; SiC = 7,2, w grupie CR: DMFT = 3,5; DMFS = 4,3; SiC = 7,0. Wskaźnik leczenia zębów w grupie CR (0,44) był znacznie niższy niż w grupach P (0,80) i CT (0,76). WNIOSKI: Realizacja programu profilaktycznego o takim charakterze mogłaby przynieść korzyści nie tylko w Polsce, lecz także w krajach, w których stan zdrowia jamy ustnej jest bardzo niekorzystny .

Keywords

EN

12-year-old children; DMFT; dzieci 12-letnie; frekwencja próchnicy; frequency of caries; health programme; lakowanie zębów trzonowych; program zdrowotny; sealing of molars

Discipline

• MEDICINE: MEDICINE

• Publisher: Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach
• Journal: Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis
• Year: 2019
• Issue: 73
• Pages: 163-173

Contributors

author

Urszula Kalińska

• Department of Basic Biomedical Science, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland

author

Magdalena Hartman-Petrycka

• Department of Basic Biomedical Science, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland

author

Barbara Błońska-Fajfrowska

• Department of Basic Biomedical Science, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland

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• Document Type: article