Rola witamin antyoksydacyjnych w złośliwych nowotworach ginekologicznych

• Authors: Anna Markowska , Karolina Jaszczyńska-Nowinka , Joanna Kaysiewicz , Anna Makówka , Janina Markowska

Title variants

EN

The role of antioxidant vitamins in gynecologic malignancies

• Languages of publication: EN PL

Abstracts

EN

Vitamins D, C, E and A, which belong to antioxidants, exhibit anticancer activity. The mechanism of vitamin D antitumor activity involves the inhibition of cell proliferation, stimulation of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis and an increased activity of metalloproteinases in the extracellular matrix. Vitamin D prevents the development and progression of breast cancer; its lower levels in the serum of premenopausal women are linked to the development of triple negative cancer (E-, PR-, HER2-). Cohort studies on the effects of VDR (vitamin D receptor) polymorphisms and studies related to vitamin D supplementation in postmenopausal women in the context of reduced risk of breast cancer are controversial. Vitamin D exerts a protective effect against ovarian and endometrial cancer. Vitamin C protects cells against the formation of mutagenic nitro compounds, enhances the immune system by promoting the activity of NK, T and B cells. Vitamin C supplementation improves treatment outcomes in disseminated breast cancer; the vitamin acts synergistically with cisplatin, it increases paclitaxel and doxorubicin cytotoxicity and abolishes toxic effects of tamoxifen. Vitamin C combined with chemotherapy in ovarian cancer prolongs patient’s survival. It increases sensitivity to cisplatin. Vitamin E exerts anticancer effects via multiple pathways. Its increased administration reduces the risk of breast cancer and ovarian cancer. The reduction in the incidence of endometrial cancer remains controversial. Vitamin A also exerts antioxidant effects. The compound reduces the incidence of DNA damage in cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide and protects cell organelles (including mitochondria) against the negative impact of lipid peroxidation. It reduces the risk of multiple tumors, including breast and cervical cancer.

PL

Witamina D oraz witaminy C, E i A, należące do antyoksydantów, wykazują aktywność przeciwnowotworową. Mechanizm działania witaminy D obejmuje hamowanie proliferacji komórkowej, stymulację apoptozy, hamowanie angiogenezy i zwiększanie aktywności metaloproteinaz macierzy pozakomórkowej. Witamina D zapobiega rozwojowi raka piersi i progresji choroby; niższe jej stężenia w surowicy kobiet przed menopauzą wiążą się z rozwojem raków potrójnie negatywnych (E-, PR-, HER2-). Badania kohortowe dotyczące wpływu polimorfizmów genu VRD (vitamin D receptor) oraz badania nad suplementacją witaminy D po menopauzie w kontekście redukcji rozwoju raka piersi są kontrowersyjne. Witamina D ma protekcyjny wpływ w przypadku raka jajnika i endometrium. Witamina C chroni komórki przed mutagennym tworzeniem nitrozwiązków, wzmacnia funkcjonowanie układu immunologicznego przez wzrost aktywności komórek NK oraz limfocytów T i B. Stosowanie witaminy C poprawia wyniki leczenia rozsianego raka piersi; działa ona synergistycznie z cisplatyną, zwiększa cytotoksyczność paklitakselu i doksorubicyny, znosi toksyczny wpływ tamoksyfenu. Witamina C w skojarzeniu z chemioterapią przyczynia się do dłuższego przeżycia pacjentek z rakiem jajnika i poprawia wrażliwość na stosowaną cisplatynę. Witamina E działa przeciwnowotworowo przez wiele ścieżek. Jej zwiększona podaż wiąże się ze spadkiem ryzyka wystąpienia raka piersi i raka jajnika. Obniżenie ryzyka zachorowania na raka endometrium jest kontrowersyjne. Witamina A także ma działanie antyoksydacyjne. Obniża częstość uszkodzeń DNA indukowanych nadtlenkiem wodoru i chroni organella komórkowe (w tym mitochondria) przed negatywnymi skutkami peroksydacji lipidów. Zmniejsza ryzyko rozwoju wielu nowotworów, w tym raka piersi i szyjki macicy.

Keywords

EN

breast cancer; cervical cancer; endometrial cancer; ovarian cancer; rak endometrium; rak jajnika; rak piersi; rak szyjkimacicy; vitamin A; vitamin C; vitamin D; vitamin E; witamina A; witamina C; witamina D; witamina E

Discipline

• MEDICINE: MEDICINE

• Publisher: Medical Communications
• Journal: Current Gynecologic Oncology
• Year: 2016
• Volume: 14
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 39–52

Contributors

author

Anna Markowska

• Klinika Perinatologii i Chorób Kobiecych, Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu, Poznań, Polska. Kierownik Kliniki: prof. dr hab. n. med. Krzysztof Drews

author

Karolina Jaszczyńska-Nowinka

• Klinika Onkologii, Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu, Poznań, Polska. Kierownik Kliniki: prof. dr hab. n. med. Rodryg Ramlau

author

Joanna Kaysiewicz

• Roche Polska, Warszawa, Polska

author

Anna Makówka

• Roche Polska, Warszawa, Polska

author

Janina Markowska

• Klinika Onkologii, Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu, Poznań, Polska. Kierownik Kliniki: prof. dr hab. n. med. Rodryg Ramlau

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• Document Type: review